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Vulnerability details: VCID-nzeb-cy9e-tkax
Vulnerability ID VCID-nzeb-cy9e-tkax
Aliases CVE-2008-4094
GHSA-xf96-32q2-9rw2
Summary Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') Multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in Ruby on Rails before 2.1.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the (1) :limit and (2) :offset parameters, related to ActiveRecord, ActiveSupport, ActiveResource, ActionPack, and ActionMailer.
Status Published
Exploitability 0.5
Weighted Severity 8.0
Risk 4.0
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (4)
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
generic_textual HIGH http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2008-12/msg00002.html
generic_textual HIGH http://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/288
generic_textual HIGH http://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/964
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
epss 0.03119 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
generic_textual HIGH https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45109
cvssv3.1_qr HIGH https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xf96-32q2-9rw2
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/rails/rails
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/ef0ea782b1f5cf7b08e74ea3002a16c708f66645
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activerecord/CVE-2008-4094.yml
cvssv2 7.5 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4094
generic_textual HIGH https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4094
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20080620000955/http://blog.innerewut.de/2008/6/16/why-you-should-upgrade-to-rails-2-1
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20080620201733/http://blog.innerewut.de/files/rails/activerecord-1.15.3.patch
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20080620201744/http://blog.innerewut.de/files/rails/activerecord-2.0.2.patch
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20081104151751/http://gist.github.com/8946
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20081113122736/http://secunia.com/advisories/31875
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20081207211431/http://secunia.com/advisories/31909
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20081207211436/http://secunia.com/advisories/31910
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20091101000000*/http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2562
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20120120194518/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31176
generic_textual HIGH https://web.archive.org/web/20201207112829/http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1020871
generic_textual HIGH http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/13/2
generic_textual HIGH http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/16/1
generic_textual HIGH http://www.rorsecurity.info/2008/09/08/sql-injection-issue-in-limit-and-offset-parameter
Reference id Reference type URL
http://blog.innerewut.de/2008/6/16/why-you-should-upgrade-to-rails-2-1
http://gist.github.com/8946
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2008-12/msg00002.html
http://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/288
http://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/964
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2008-4094
https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-4094
http://secunia.com/advisories/31875
http://secunia.com/advisories/31909
http://secunia.com/advisories/31910
https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45109
https://github.com/rails/rails
https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/ef0ea782b1f5cf7b08e74ea3002a16c708f66645
https://web.archive.org/web/20080620000955/http://blog.innerewut.de/2008/6/16/why-you-should-upgrade-to-rails-2-1
https://web.archive.org/web/20080620201733/http://blog.innerewut.de/files/rails/activerecord-1.15.3.patch
https://web.archive.org/web/20080620201744/http://blog.innerewut.de/files/rails/activerecord-2.0.2.patch
https://web.archive.org/web/20081104151751/http://gist.github.com/8946
https://web.archive.org/web/20081113122736/http://secunia.com/advisories/31875
https://web.archive.org/web/20081113122736/http://secunia.com/advisories/31875/
https://web.archive.org/web/20081207211431/http://secunia.com/advisories/31909
https://web.archive.org/web/20081207211436/http://secunia.com/advisories/31910
https://web.archive.org/web/20091101000000*/http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2562
https://web.archive.org/web/20120120194518/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31176
https://web.archive.org/web/20201207112829/http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1020871
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/13/2
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/16/1
http://www.rorsecurity.info/2008/09/08/sql-injection-issue-in-limit-and-offset-parameter
http://www.rorsecurity.info/2008/09/08/sql-injection-issue-in-limit-and-offset-parameter/
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31176
http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1020871
http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2562
500791 https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=500791
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.11.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.11.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.13.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.13.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.14.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:0.9.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.1.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.9.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:1.9.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.5.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.6.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.6.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.8.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/search/results?adv_search=true&isCpeNameSearch=true&query=cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:0.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2008-4094 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4094
CVE-2008-4094.YML https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activerecord/CVE-2008-4094.yml
GHSA-xf96-32q2-9rw2 https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xf96-32q2-9rw2
GLSA-200912-02 https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/200912-02
No exploits are available.
Vector: AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4094
Exploitability (E) Access Vector (AV) Access Complexity (AC) Authentication (Au) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

high

functional

unproven

proof_of_concept

not_defined

local

adjacent_network

network

high

medium

low

multiple

single

none

none

partial

complete

none

partial

complete

none

partial

complete
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.86782
EPSS Score 0.03119
Published At April 1, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-04-01T12:47:26.194730+00:00 GitLab Importer Import https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/advisories-community/-/blob/main/gem/activerecord/CVE-2008-4094.yml 38.0.0