Staging Environment: Content and features may be unstable or change without notice.
Advisory details: github_osv / GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w
Advisory ID github_osv/GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w
Aliases CVE-2026-28449
Summary OpenClaw's Nextcloud Talk webhook replay could trigger duplicate inbound processing ### Summary When Nextcloud Talk webhook signing was valid, replayed requests could be accepted without durable replay suppression, allowing duplicate inbound processing after replay-window expiry or process restart. ### Details OpenClaw's Nextcloud Talk webhook path verified `HMAC(secret, random + body)` but previously lacked durable replay state tied to webhook events. This allowed replay of a previously valid signed request in some operational conditions. The fix on `main` adds: - persistent per-account replay dedupe for Nextcloud Talk webhook events, - replay checks before webhook side effects (`onMessage`), - backend-origin validation against configured account base URL (when configured). ### Impact A captured valid signed webhook request could be replayed to trigger duplicate inbound handling. This is an integrity/availability issue (duplicate actions/noise), scoped to deployments using Nextcloud Talk webhook integration. ### Affected Packages / Versions - Package: `openclaw` (npm) - Affected: `<= 2026.2.24` - Patched in release: `2026.2.25` ### Fix Commit(s) - `d512163d686ad6741783e7119ddb3437f493dbbc` ### Release Process Note `patched_versions` is pre-set to the release (`2026.2.25`) so once npm release `2026.2.25` is published, advisory is now published. OpenClaw thanks @aristorechina for reporting.
Status Published
Exploitability 0.5
Weighted Severity 4.8
Risk 2.4
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Introduced and Fixed Package Commit Patches Package Commit Patches Details
Weaknesses (1)
CWE-294 Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
System Score Found at
cvssv4 5.3 https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/03/GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w/GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w.json
generic_textual MODERATE
Reference id Reference type URL
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw
CVE-2026-28449 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28449
d512163d686ad6741783e7119ddb3437f493dbbc Other https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/d512163d686ad6741783e7119ddb3437f493dbbc
GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w Advisory https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w
openclaw-webhook-replay-attack-via-missing-durable-replay-suppression Advisory https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-webhook-replay-attack-via-missing-durable-replay-suppression
No exploits are available.

No EPSS data available for this advisory.

Patch URL
There are no known patches.
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/03/GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w/GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w.json
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2026-04-29T14:35:06Z/

Decision: Track

Source URL: https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2026/28xxx/CVE-2026-28449.json

Source Advisory: vulnrichment/CVE-2026-28449

View SSVC decision tree 
[{'Exploitation': 'none'},
 {'Automatable': 'yes'},
 {'Technical Impact': 'partial'},
 {'Mission Prevalence': 'minimal'},
 {'Public Well-being Impact': 'material'},
 {'Mission & Well-being': 'medium'}]