Advisory details:
pypa / vllm/PYSEC-2026-2013
| Advisory ID | pypa/vllm/PYSEC-2026-2013 |
| Aliases |
CVE-2025-61620
GHSA-6fvq-23cw-5628 PYSEC-2026-2013 |
| Summary | vLLM: Resource-Exhaustion (DoS) through Malicious Jinja Template in OpenAI-Compatible Server ### Summary A resource-exhaustion (denial-of-service) vulnerability exists in multiple endpoints of the OpenAI-Compatible Server due to the ability to specify Jinja templates via the `chat_template` and `chat_template_kwargs` parameters. If an attacker can supply these parameters to the API, they can cause a service outage by exhausting CPU and/or memory resources. ### Details When using an LLM as a chat model, the conversation history must be rendered into a text input for the model. In `hf/transformer`, this rendering is performed using a Jinja template. The OpenAI-Compatible Server launched by vllm serve exposes a `chat_template` parameter that lets users specify that template. In addition, the server accepts a `chat_template_kwargs` parameter to pass extra keyword arguments to the rendering function. Because Jinja templates support programming-language-like constructs (loops, nested iterations, etc.), a crafted template can consume extremely large amounts of CPU and memory and thereby trigger a denial-of-service condition. Importantly, simply forbidding the `chat_template` parameter does not fully mitigate the issue. The implementation constructs a dictionary of keyword arguments for `apply_hf_chat_template` and then updates that dictionary with the user-supplied `chat_template_kwargs` via `dict.update`. Since `dict.update` can overwrite existing keys, an attacker can place a `chat_template` key inside `chat_template_kwargs` to replace the template that will be used by `apply_hf_chat_template`. ```python # vllm/entrypoints/openai/serving_engine.py#L794-L816 _chat_template_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = dict( chat_template=chat_template, add_generation_prompt=add_generation_prompt, continue_final_message=continue_final_message, tools=tool_dicts, documents=documents, ) _chat_template_kwargs.update(chat_template_kwargs or {}) request_prompt: Union[str, list[int]] if isinstance(tokenizer, MistralTokenizer): ... else: request_prompt = apply_hf_chat_template( tokenizer=tokenizer, conversation=conversation, model_config=model_config, **_chat_template_kwargs, ) ``` ### Impact If an OpenAI-Compatible Server exposes endpoints that accept `chat_template` or `chat_template_kwargs` from untrusted clients, an attacker can submit a malicious Jinja template (directly or by overriding `chat_template` inside `chat_template_kwargs`) that consumes excessive CPU and/or memory. This can result in a resource-exhaustion denial-of-service that renders the server unresponsive to legitimate requests. ### Fixes * https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/25794 |
| Status | Published |
| Exploitability | 0.5 |
| Weighted Severity | 5.9 |
| Risk | 3.0 |
| Affected and Fixed Packages | Package Details |
| Introduced and Fixed Package Commit Patches | Package Commit Patches Details |
| There are no known CWE. |
| System | Score | Found at |
|---|---|---|
| cvssv3.1 | 6.5 | https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/blob/main/vulns/vllm/PYSEC-2026-2013.yaml |
| Reference id | Reference type | URL |
|---|---|---|
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm | ||
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/7977e5027c2250a4abc1f474c5619c40b4e5682f | ||
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/25794 | ||
| https://pypi.org/project/vllm | ||
| CVE-2025-61620 | https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61620 | |
| GHSA-6fvq-23cw-5628 | https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6fvq-23cw-5628 | |
| GHSA-6fvq-23cw-5628 | https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-6fvq-23cw-5628 |
No EPSS data available for this advisory.
| Patch URL | |
|---|---|
| There are no known patches. | |
| Attack Vector (AV) | Attack Complexity (AC) | Privileges Required (PR) | User Interaction (UI) | Scope (S) | Confidentiality Impact (C) | Integrity Impact (I) | Availability Impact (A) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
network adjacent_network local physical |
low high |
none low high |
none required |
unchanged changed |
high low none |
high low none |
high low none |
There are no SSVC decisions available.