GuardDog vulnerable to arbitrary file write when scanning a specially-crafted remote PyPI package
### Summary
Unsafe extracting using `shutil.unpack_archive()` from a remotely retrieved tarball may lead to writing the extracted file to an unintended destination.
### Details
Extracting files using `shutil.unpack_archive()` from a potentially malicious tarball without validating that the destination file path is within the intended destination directory can cause files outside the destination directory to be overwritten.
The vulnerable code snippet is between L153..158
https://github.com/DataDog/guarddog/blob/a1d064ceb09d39bb28deb6972bc0a278756ea91f/guarddog/scanners/package_scanner.py#L153..158.
```python
response = requests.get(url, stream=True)
with open(zippath, "wb") as f:
f.write(response.raw.read())
shutil.unpack_archive(zippath, unzippedpath)
```
It seems that a remotely retrieved tarball which could be with the extension `.tar.gz` happens to be unpacked using `shutil.unpack_archive()` with no destination verification/limitation of the extracted files.
### PoC
The PoC provided showcases the risk of extracting the non-harmless text file `sim4n6.txt` to a parent location rather than the current folder.
```bash
> tar --list -f archive.tar
tar: Removing leading `../../../' from member names
../../../sim4n6.txt
> python3
Python 3.10.6 (main, Nov 2 2022, 18:53:38) [GCC 11.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import shutil
>>> shutil.unpack_archive("archive.tar")
>>> exit()
> file ../../../sim4n6.txt
../../../sim4n6.txt: ASCII text
```
### A Potential Attack Scenario
- An attacker may craft a malicious tarball with a filename path, such as `../../../../../../../../etc/passwd`, and then serve the archive remotely, thus, providing a possibility to overwrite the system files.
### Mitigation
Potential mitigation could be to:
- Use a safer module, like `zipfile`.
- Validate the location of the extracted files and discard those with malicious paths such as a relative path `..` or absolute ones.