Missing validation causes denial of service via `StagePeek`
### Impact
The implementation of `tf.raw_ops.StagePeek`
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/f3b9bf4c3c0597563b289c0512e98d4ce81f886e/tensorflow/core/kernels/stage_op.cc#L261 does not fully validate the input arguments. This results in a `CHECK`-failure which can be used to trigger a denial of service attack:
```python
import tensorflow as tf
index = tf.constant([], shape=[0], dtype=tf.int32)
tf.raw_ops.StagePeek(index=index, dtypes=[tf.int32])
```
The code assumes `index` is a scalar but there is no validation for this before accessing its value:
```cc
std::size_t index = ctx->input(0).scalar<int>()();
```
### Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit cebe3c45d76357d201c65bdbbf0dbe6e8a63bbdb
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/cebe3c45d76357d201c65bdbbf0dbe6e8a63bbdb.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.9.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.8.1, TensorFlow 2.7.2, and TensorFlow 2.6.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
### For more information
Please consult our security guide
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
### Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by Neophytos Christou from Secure Systems Lab at Brown University.