{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/161155?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.0.beta4","type":"gem","namespace":"","name":"actionview","version":"4.2.0.beta4","qualifiers":{},"subpath":"","is_vulnerable":true,"next_non_vulnerable_version":"7.2.3.1","latest_non_vulnerable_version":"8.1.2.1","affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/51324?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5","summary":"Possible XSS vulnerability in ActionView\nThere is a possible XSS vulnerability in ActionView's JavaScript literal\nescape helpers.  Views that use the `j` or `escape_javascript` methods\nmay be susceptible to XSS attacks.\n\nVersions Affected:  All.\nNot affected:       None.\nFixed Versions:     6.0.2.2, 5.2.4.2\n\nImpact\n------\nThere is a possible XSS vulnerability in the `j` and `escape_javascript`\nmethods in ActionView.  These methods are used for escaping JavaScript string\nliterals.  Impacted code will look something like this:\n\n```erb\n<script>let a = `<%= j unknown_input %>`</script>\n```\n\nor\n\n```erb\n<script>let a = `<%= escape_javascript unknown_input %>`</script>\n```\n\nReleases\n--------\nThe 6.0.2.2 and 5.2.4.2 releases are available at the normal locations.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\nFor those that can't upgrade, the following monkey patch may be used:\n\n```ruby\nActionView::Helpers::JavaScriptHelper::JS_ESCAPE_MAP.merge!(\n  {\n    \"`\" => \"\\\\`\",\n    \"$\" => \"\\\\$\"\n  }\n)\n\nmodule ActionView::Helpers::JavaScriptHelper\n  alias :old_ej :escape_javascript\n  alias :old_j :j\n\n  def escape_javascript(javascript)\n    javascript = javascript.to_s\n    if javascript.empty?\n      result = \"\"\n    else\n      result = javascript.gsub(/(\\\\|<\\/|\\r\\n|\\342\\200\\250|\\342\\200\\251|[\\n\\r\"']|[`]|[$])/u, JS_ESCAPE_MAP)\n    end\n    javascript.html_safe? ? result.html_safe : result\n  end\n\n  alias :j :escape_javascript\nend\n```","references":[{"reference_url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-05/msg00019.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-05/msg00019.html"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-5267.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-5267.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-5267","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00887","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.75839","published_at":"2026-06-04T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-5267"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/033a738817abd6e446e1b320cb7d1a5c15224e9a","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/033a738817abd6e446e1b320cb7d1a5c15224e9a"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-65cv-r6x7-79hv","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-65cv-r6x7-79hv"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-5267.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-5267.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/55reWMM_Pg8","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.0","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/55reWMM_Pg8"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/03/msg00022.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/03/msg00022.html"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XJ7NUWXAEVRQCROIIBV4C6WXO6IR3KSB","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XJ7NUWXAEVRQCROIIBV4C6WXO6IR3KSB"},{"reference_url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/03/19/1","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/03/19/1"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1831528","reference_id":"1831528","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1831528"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=954304","reference_id":"954304","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=954304"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5267","reference_id":"CVE-2020-5267","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5267"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:4366","reference_id":"RHSA-2020:4366","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:4366"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/76936?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.2.4.2","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.2.4.2"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/174780?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.0.beta1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.0.beta1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/76937?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.2.2","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.2.2"}],"aliases":["CVE-2020-5267","GHSA-65cv-r6x7-79hv"],"risk_score":3.1,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"6.2","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/38206?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-fj3n-g8wp-bbaj","summary":"Possible XSS Vulnerability in ActionView\nThere is a possible XSS vulnerability in Action View. Text declared as `HTML safe` will not have quotes escaped when used as attribute values in tag helpers.","references":[{"reference_url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1855.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1855.html"},{"reference_url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1856.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1856.html"},{"reference_url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1857.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1857.html"},{"reference_url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1858.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1858.html"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2016-6316.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2016-6316.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2016-6316","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.01626","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.82202","published_at":"2026-06-04T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2016-6316"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2016-6316","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2016-6316"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/CVE-2016-6316.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/CVE-2016-6316.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/I-VWr034ouk","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/I-VWr034ouk"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/ruby-security-ann/8B2iV2tPRSE","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/ruby-security-ann/8B2iV2tPRSE"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6316","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6316"},{"reference_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200227202008/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92430","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200227202008/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92430"},{"reference_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200812154343/https://puppet.com/security/cve/cve-2016-6316","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20200812154343/https://puppet.com/security/cve/cve-2016-6316"},{"reference_url":"http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2016/8/11/Rails-5-0-0-1-4-2-7-2-and-3-2-22-3-have-been-released","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2016/8/11/Rails-5-0-0-1-4-2-7-2-and-3-2-22-3-have-been-released"},{"reference_url":"http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3651","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3651"},{"reference_url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/08/11/3","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/08/11/3"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1365008","reference_id":"1365008","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1365008"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=834155","reference_id":"834155","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=834155"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1855","reference_id":"RHSA-2016:1855","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1855"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1856","reference_id":"RHSA-2016:1856","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1856"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1857","reference_id":"RHSA-2016:1857","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1857"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1858","reference_id":"RHSA-2016:1858","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1858"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/52876?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.7.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-fs3e-5muq-5qas"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-nd1r-p5cw-8kcz"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-vh4s-n814-g7dr"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-z21g-8h32-yyf6"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.7.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/52877?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.0.0.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-fs3e-5muq-5qas"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-nd1r-p5cw-8kcz"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-vh4s-n814-g7dr"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-z21g-8h32-yyf6"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.0.0.1"}],"aliases":["CVE-2016-6316","GHSA-pc3m-v286-2jwj"],"risk_score":3.1,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"6.2","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-fj3n-g8wp-bbaj"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/40814?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-fs3e-5muq-5qas","summary":"Path Traversal in Action View\n# File Content Disclosure in Action View\n\nImpact \n------ \nThere is a possible file content disclosure vulnerability in Action View.  Specially crafted accept headers in combination with calls to `render file:`  can cause arbitrary files on the target server to be rendered, disclosing the  file contents. \n\nThe impact is limited to calls to `render` which render file contents without  a specified accept format.  Impacted code in a controller looks something like this: \n\n``` ruby\nclass UserController < ApplicationController \n  def index \n    render file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\" \n  end \nend \n``` \n\nRendering templates as opposed to files is not impacted by this vulnerability. \n\nAll users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately. \n\nReleases \n-------- \nThe 6.0.0.beta3, 5.2.2.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2, and 4.2.11.1 releases are available at the normal locations. \n\nWorkarounds \n----------- \nThis vulnerability can be mitigated by specifying a format for file rendering, like this: \n\n``` ruby\nclass UserController < ApplicationController \n  def index \n    render file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\", formats: [:html] \n  end \nend \n``` \n\nIn summary, impacted calls to `render` look like this: \n\n``` \nrender file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\" \n``` \n\nThe vulnerability can be mitigated by changing to this: \n\n``` \nrender file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\", formats: [:html] \n``` \n\nOther calls to `render` are not impacted. \n\nAlternatively, the following monkey patch can be applied in an initializer: \n\n``` ruby\n$ cat config/initializers/formats_filter.rb \n# frozen_string_literal: true \n\nActionDispatch::Request.prepend(Module.new do \n  def formats \n    super().select do |format| \n      format.symbol || format.ref == \"*/*\" \n    end \n  end \nend) \n``` \n\nCredits \n------- \nThanks to John Hawthorn <john@hawthorn.email> of 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has a possible XSS vulnerability in its Action View tag helpers\n### Impact\nWhen a blank string is used as an HTML attribute name in Action View tag helpers,\nthe attribute escaping is bypassed, producing malformed HTML.\nA carefully crafted attribute value could then be misinterpreted by the browser as a separate attribute name,\npossibly leading to XSS. Applications that allow users to specify custom HTML attributes are affected.\n\n### Releases\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2026-33168.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2026-33168.json"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/0b6f8002b52b9c606fd6be9e7915d9f944cf539c","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/0b6f8002b52b9c606fd6be9e7915d9f944cf539c"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/63f5ad83edaa0b976f82d46988d745426aa4a42d","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/63f5ad83edaa0b976f82d46988d745426aa4a42d"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/c79a07df1e88738df8f68cb0ee759ad6128ca924","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/c79a07df1e88738df8f68cb0ee759ad6128ca924"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.2.3.1","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.2.3.1"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.4.1","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.4.1"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-v55j-83pf-r9cq","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-v55j-83pf-r9cq"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2026-33168.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2026-33168.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33168","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"2.3","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"LOW","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33168"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1132035","reference_id":"1132035","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1132035"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2450549","reference_id":"2450549","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2450549"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/113416?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@7.2.3.1","is_vulnerable":false,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@7.2.3.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/113414?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@8.0.4.1","is_vulnerable":false,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@8.0.4.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/113412?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@8.1.2.1","is_vulnerable":false,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@8.1.2.1"}],"aliases":["CVE-2026-33168","GHSA-v55j-83pf-r9cq"],"risk_score":2.5,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"4.9","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/51327?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-nd1r-p5cw-8kcz","summary":"Potential remote code execution of user-provided local names in ActionView\nThere was a vulnerability in versions of Rails prior to 5.0.1 that would\nallow an attacker who controlled the `locals` argument of a `render` call.\n\nVersions Affected:  rails < 5.0.1\nNot affected:       Applications that do not allow users to control the names of locals.\nFixed Versions:     4.2.11.2\n\nImpact\n------\n\nIn the scenario where an attacker might be able to control the name of a\nlocal passed into `render`, they can acheive remote code execution.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\n\nUntil such time as the patch can be applied, application developers should\nensure that all user-provided local names are alphanumeric.","references":[{"reference_url":"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158604/Ruby-On-Rails-5.0.1-Remote-Code-Execution.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158604/Ruby-On-Rails-5.0.1-Remote-Code-Execution.html"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-8163.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-8163.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-8163","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.91071","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.99657","published_at":"2026-06-04T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-8163"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-8163.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-8163.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/hWuKcHyoKh0","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/hWuKcHyoKh0"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/hWuKcHyoKh0","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/hWuKcHyoKh0"},{"reference_url":"https://hackerone.com/reports/304805","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://hackerone.com/reports/304805"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/07/msg00013.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/07/msg00013.html"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1848724","reference_id":"1848724","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1848724"},{"reference_url":"https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb/-/blob/main/exploits/ruby/webapps/48716.rb","reference_id":"CVE-2020-8163","reference_type":"exploit","scores":[],"url":"https://gitlab.com/exploit-database/exploitdb/-/blob/main/exploits/ruby/webapps/48716.rb"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8163","reference_id":"CVE-2020-8163","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"8.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8163"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/140384?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.11.3","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-nd1r-p5cw-8kcz"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.11.3"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/77607?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.0.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-fs3e-5muq-5qas"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-vh4s-n814-g7dr"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-z21g-8h32-yyf6"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.0.1"}],"aliases":["CVE-2020-8163","GHSA-cr3x-7m39-c6jq"],"risk_score":null,"exploitability":null,"weighted_severity":null,"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-nd1r-p5cw-8kcz"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/51326?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek","summary":"CSRF Vulnerability in rails-ujs\nThere is an vulnerability in rails-ujs that allows attackers to send\nCSRF tokens to wrong domains.\n\nVersions Affected:  rails <= 6.0.3\nNot affected:       Applications which don't use rails-ujs.\nFixed Versions:     rails >= 5.2.4.3, rails >= 6.0.3.1\n\nImpact\n------\n\nThis is a regression of CVE-2015-1840.\n\nIn the scenario where an attacker might be able to control the href attribute of an anchor tag or\nthe action attribute of a form tag that will trigger a POST action, the attacker can set the\nhref or action to a cross-origin URL, and the CSRF token will be sent.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\n\nTo work around this problem, change code that allows users to control the href attribute of an anchor\ntag or the action attribute of a form tag to filter the user parameters.\n\nFor example, code like this:\n\n    link_to params\n\nto code like this:\n\n    link_to filtered_params\n\n    def filtered_params\n      # Filter just the parameters that you trust\n    end","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-8167.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-8167.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-8167","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00427","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.62736","published_at":"2026-06-04T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-8167"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-8167.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-8167.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/x9DixQDG9a0","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/x9DixQDG9a0"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/x9DixQDG9a0","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/x9DixQDG9a0"},{"reference_url":"https://hackerone.com/reports/189878","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://hackerone.com/reports/189878"},{"reference_url":"https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4766","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4766"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1843084","reference_id":"1843084","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1843084"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8167","reference_id":"CVE-2020-8167","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8167"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:1313","reference_id":"RHSA-2021:1313","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:1313"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/140375?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.2.4.3","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.2.4.3"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/77549?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.3.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.3.1"}],"aliases":["CVE-2020-8167","GHSA-xq5j-gw7f-jgj8"],"risk_score":3.4,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"6.8","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/40845?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-vh4s-n814-g7dr","summary":"Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling\nThere is a possible denial of service vulnerability in Action View (Rails)  where specially crafted accept headers can cause action view to consume % cpu and make the server unresponsive.","references":[{"reference_url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00011.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00011.html"},{"reference_url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00025.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00025.html"},{"reference_url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-08/msg00001.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-08/msg00001.html"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0796","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0796"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1147","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1147"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1149","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1149"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1289","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1289"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2019-5419.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.9","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2019-5419.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2019-5419","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.12118","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.93935","published_at":"2026-06-04T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2019-5419"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f4c70c2222180b8d9d924f00af0c7fd632e26715","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f4c70c2222180b8d9d924f00af0c7fd632e26715"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/35708","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/35708"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2019-5419.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2019-5419.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/GN7w9fFAQeI","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/GN7w9fFAQeI"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/03/msg00042.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/03/msg00042.html"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA"},{"reference_url":"https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released"},{"reference_url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/03/22/1","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/03/22/1"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1689160","reference_id":"1689160","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1689160"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=924520","reference_id":"924520","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=924520"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5419","reference_id":"CVE-2019-5419","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5419"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/57570?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.11.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-nd1r-p5cw-8kcz"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@4.2.11.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/57572?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.0.7.2","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.0.7.2"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/57571?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.1.6.2","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.1.6.2"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/57569?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@5.2.2.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-6xc5-88jj-yya5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@5.2.2.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/144266?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.0.beta3","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-mz5z-rp6w-hqf3"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-qs1d-fexs-dfek"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/actionview@6.0.0.beta3"}],"aliases":["CVE-2019-5419","GHSA-m63j-wh5w-c252"],"risk_score":4.0,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"8.0","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-vh4s-n814-g7dr"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/51325?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-ygbt-c5f8-byfc","summary":"Potential XSS vulnerability in Action View\nThere is a potential Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Action\nView's translation helpers. Views that allow the user to control the\ndefault (not found) value of the `t` and `translate` helpers could be\nsusceptible to XSS attacks.\n\nImpact\n------\n\nWhen an HTML-unsafe string is passed as the default for a missing\ntranslation key [named `html` or ending in `_html`](https://guides.rubyonrails.org/i18n.html#using-safe-html-translations),\nthe default string is incorrectly marked as HTML-safe and not escaped.\nVulnerable code may look like the following examples:\n\n```erb\n<%# The welcome_html translation is not defined for the current locale: %>\n<%= t(\"welcome_html\", default: untrusted_user_controlled_string) %>\n\n<%# Neither the title.html translation nor the missing.html translation is defined for the current locale: %>\n<%= t(\"title.html\", default: [:\"missing.html\", untrusted_user_controlled_string]) %>\n```\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\nImpacted users who can’t upgrade to a patched Rails version can avoid\nthis issue by manually escaping default translations with the\n`html_escape` helper (aliased as `h`):\n\n```erb\n<%= t(\"welcome_html\", default: h(untrusted_user_controlled_string)) %>\n```","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-15169.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.1","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2020-15169.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-15169","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.01184","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7912","published_at":"2026-06-04T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2020-15169"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e663f084460ea56c55c3dc76f78c7caeddeeb02e","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e663f084460ea56c55c3dc76f78c7caeddeeb02e"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-cfjv-5498-mph5"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-15169.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionview/CVE-2020-15169.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/b-C9kSGXYrc","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/b-C9kSGXYrc"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/10/msg00015.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/10/msg00015.html"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XJ7NUWXAEVRQCROIIBV4C6WXO6IR3KSB","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XJ7NUWXAEVRQCROIIBV4C6WXO6IR3KSB"},{"reference_url":"https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4766","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4766"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1877566","reference_id":"1877566","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1877566"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=970040","reference_id":"970040","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=970040"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15169","reference_id":"CVE-2020-15169","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.4","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15169"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:1313","reference_id":"RHSA-2021:1313","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:1313"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api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Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')\nMultiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the mail_to helper in Ruby on Rails before 2.3.11, and 3.x before 3.0.4, when javascript encoding is used, allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted (1) name or (2) email 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