{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/64224?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.0","type":"gem","namespace":"","name":"rack","version":"3.0","qualifiers":{},"subpath":"","is_vulnerable":true,"next_non_vulnerable_version":null,"latest_non_vulnerable_version":null,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/30435?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw","summary":"Rack has an Unbounded-Parameter DoS in Rack::QueryParser\n## Summary\n\n`Rack::QueryParser` parses query strings and `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` bodies into Ruby data structures without imposing any limit on the number of parameters, allowing attackers to send requests with extremely large numbers of parameters.\n\n## Details\n\nThe vulnerability arises because `Rack::QueryParser` iterates over each `&`-separated key-value pair and adds it to a Hash without enforcing an upper bound on the total number of parameters. This allows an attacker to send a single request containing hundreds of thousands (or more) of parameters, which consumes excessive memory and CPU during parsing.\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker can trigger denial of service by sending specifically crafted HTTP requests, which can cause memory exhaustion or pin CPU resources, stalling or crashing the Rack server. This results in full service disruption until the affected worker is restarted.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to a version of Rack that limits the number of parameters parsed, or\n- Use middleware to enforce a maximum query string size or parameter count, or\n- Employ a reverse proxy (such as Nginx) to limit request sizes and reject oversized query strings or bodies.\n\nLimiting request body sizes and query string lengths at the web server or CDN level is an effective mitigation.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-46727.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-46727.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-46727","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74371","published_at":"2026-05-14T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74315","published_at":"2026-05-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74292","published_at":"2026-05-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74329","published_at":"2026-05-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74305","published_at":"2026-05-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74277","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74283","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74284","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74275","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74241","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74249","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74239","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74202","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74209","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74227","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74158","published_at":"2026-04-02T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74205","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7419","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74185","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00808","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74157","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-46727"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-46727","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-46727"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/2bb5263b464b65ba4b648996a579dbd180d2b712","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-05-08T14:00:33Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/2bb5263b464b65ba4b648996a579dbd180d2b712"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/3f5a4249118d09d199fe480466c8c6717e43b6e3","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-05-08T14:00:33Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/3f5a4249118d09d199fe480466c8c6717e43b6e3"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/cd6b70a1f2a1016b73dc906f924869f4902c2d74","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-05-08T14:00:33Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/cd6b70a1f2a1016b73dc906f924869f4902c2d74"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-gjh7-p2fx-99vx","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-05-08T14:00:33Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-gjh7-p2fx-99vx"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-46727.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-46727.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46727","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46727"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1104927","reference_id":"1104927","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1104927"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2364966","reference_id":"2364966","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2364966"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gjh7-p2fx-99vx","reference_id":"GHSA-gjh7-p2fx-99vx","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gjh7-p2fx-99vx"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7604","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:7604","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7604"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7605","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:7605","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7605"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8254","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8254","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8254"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8256","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8256","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8256"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8279","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8279","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8279"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8288","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8288","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8288"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8289","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8289","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8289"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8290","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8290","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8290"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8291","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8291","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8291"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8319","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8319","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8319"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8322","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8322","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8322"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8323","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:8323","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8323"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:9838","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:9838","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:9838"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7507-1/","reference_id":"USN-7507-1","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7507-1/"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/71214?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.0.16","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.0.16"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/71215?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.1.14","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.1.14"}],"aliases":["CVE-2025-46727","GHSA-gjh7-p2fx-99vx"],"risk_score":4.0,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"8.0","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/29240?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-7p12-ejdu-uqgy","summary":"Escape Sequence Injection vulnerability in Rack lead to Possible Log Injection\n## Summary\n\n`Rack::Sendfile` can be exploited by crafting input that includes newline characters to manipulate log entries.\n\n## Details\n\nThe `Rack::Sendfile` middleware logs unsanitized header values from the `X-Sendfile-Type` header. An attacker can exploit this by injecting escape sequences (such as newline characters) into the header, resulting in log injection.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis vulnerability can distort log files, obscure attack traces, and complicate security auditing.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to the latest version of Rack, or\n- Remove usage of `Rack::Sendfile`.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-27111.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.3","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-27111.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-27111","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00429","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.62431","published_at":"2026-04-02T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00429","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.62429","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00429","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.62462","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00429","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.62516","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00429","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.62496","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00429","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.6248","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00575","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.68747","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00604","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.6959","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.71369","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7132","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.71326","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.71305","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.71355","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.71391","published_at":"2026-05-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00668","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.71426","published_at":"2026-05-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.008","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74143","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.008","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74135","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00842","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74848","published_at":"2026-05-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00842","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74919","published_at":"2026-05-14T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00842","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.74866","published_at":"2026-05-12T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-27111"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-27111","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-27111"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.3","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/803aa221e8302719715e224f4476e438f2531a53","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-03-04T15:44:28Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/803aa221e8302719715e224f4476e438f2531a53"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/aeac570bb8080ca7b53b7f2e2f67498be7ebd30b","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-03-04T15:44:28Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/aeac570bb8080ca7b53b7f2e2f67498be7ebd30b"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/b13bc6bfc7506aca3478dc5ac1c2ec6fc53f82a3","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-03-04T15:44:28Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/b13bc6bfc7506aca3478dc5ac1c2ec6fc53f82a3"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-03-04T15:44:28Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-27111.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-27111.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27111","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.9","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27111"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1099546","reference_id":"1099546","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1099546"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2349810","reference_id":"2349810","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2349810"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v","reference_id":"GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-1/","reference_id":"USN-7366-1","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-1/"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-2/","reference_id":"USN-7366-2","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-2/"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/70108?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.0.13","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wt7k-s1yd-nke6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.0.13"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/70109?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.1.11","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wt7k-s1yd-nke6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.1.11"}],"aliases":["CVE-2025-27111","GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v"],"risk_score":3.1,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"6.2","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-7p12-ejdu-uqgy"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/21773?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct","summary":"Rack has a Possible Information Disclosure Vulnerability\nA possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in `Rack::Sendfile` when running behind a proxy that supports `x-sendfile` headers (such as Nginx). Specially crafted headers could cause `Rack::Sendfile` to miscommunicate with the proxy and trigger unintended internal requests, potentially bypassing proxy-level access restrictions.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-61780.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-61780.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-61780","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10394","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10238","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10267","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10396","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10328","published_at":"2026-04-02T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10418","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10462","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10434","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10368","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10294","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10234","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10285","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10343","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10351","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00035","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.10369","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.0004","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.12261","published_at":"2026-05-14T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.0004","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.12172","published_at":"2026-05-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.0004","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.12192","published_at":"2026-05-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.0004","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.12135","published_at":"2026-05-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.0004","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.12195","published_at":"2026-05-12T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-61780"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-61780","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-61780"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/57277b7741581fa827472c5c666f6e6a33abd784","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:34:55Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/57277b7741581fa827472c5c666f6e6a33abd784"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/7e69f65eefe9cd2868df9f9f3b0977b86f93523a","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:34:55Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/7e69f65eefe9cd2868df9f9f3b0977b86f93523a"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/fba2c8bc63eb787ff4b19bc612d315fda6126d85","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:34:55Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/fba2c8bc63eb787ff4b19bc612d315fda6126d85"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1117855","reference_id":"1117855","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1117855"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2403126","reference_id":"2403126","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2403126"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61780","reference_id":"CVE-2025-61780","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61780"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-61780.yml","reference_id":"CVE-2025-61780.YML","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-61780.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557","reference_id":"GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557","reference_id":"GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"5.8","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:34:55Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7960-1/","reference_id":"USN-7960-1","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7960-1/"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/64226?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.1.18","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.1.18"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/64227?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.2.3","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pnz8-yes1-pfc7"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.2.3"}],"aliases":["CVE-2025-61780","GHSA-r657-rxjc-j557"],"risk_score":3.1,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"6.2","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/21764?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc","summary":"Rack is vulnerable to a memory-exhaustion DoS through unbounded URL-encoded body parsing\n`Rack::Request#POST` reads the entire request body into memory for `Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded`, calling `rack.input.read(nil)` without enforcing a length or cap. Large request bodies can therefore be buffered completely into process memory before parsing, leading to denial of service (DoS) through memory exhaustion.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-61919.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-61919.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-61919","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44748","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44632","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44713","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44784","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44791","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44736","published_at":"2026-04-02T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44737","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44735","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44767","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44756","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44695","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.4475","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44439","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44561","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00221","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.44639","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00295","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.52799","published_at":"2026-05-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00295","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.52836","published_at":"2026-05-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00295","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.5281","published_at":"2026-05-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00295","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.52843","published_at":"2026-05-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00295","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.5291","published_at":"2026-05-14T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-61919"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-61919","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-61919"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/4e2c903991a790ee211a3021808ff4fd6fe82881","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:48:10Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/4e2c903991a790ee211a3021808ff4fd6fe82881"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/cbd541e8a3d0c5830a3c9a30d3718ce2e124f9db","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:48:10Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/cbd541e8a3d0c5830a3c9a30d3718ce2e124f9db"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/e179614c4a653283286f5f046428cbb85f21146f","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:48:10Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/e179614c4a653283286f5f046428cbb85f21146f"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1117856","reference_id":"1117856","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1117856"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2403180","reference_id":"2403180","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2403180"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61919","reference_id":"CVE-2025-61919","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61919"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-61919.yml","reference_id":"CVE-2025-61919.YML","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-61919.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm","reference_id":"GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm","reference_id":"GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-10-10T20:48:10Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19512","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19512","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19512"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19513","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19513","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19513"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19647","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19647","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19647"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19719","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19719","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19719"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19733","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19733","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19733"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19734","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19734","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19734"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19736","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19736","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19736"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19800","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19800","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19800"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19832","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19832","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19832"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19855","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19855","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19855"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19856","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19856","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19856"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19948","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:19948","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19948"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:20962","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:20962","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:20962"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21036","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:21036","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21036"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21696","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:21696","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21696"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7960-1/","reference_id":"USN-7960-1","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7960-1/"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/64226?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.1.18","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.1.18"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/64227?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.2.3","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pnz8-yes1-pfc7"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.2.3"}],"aliases":["CVE-2025-61919","GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm"],"risk_score":4.0,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"8.0","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/26273?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-w732-52bx-2qf8","summary":"Possible Log Injection in Rack::CommonLogger\n## Summary\n\n`Rack::CommonLogger` can be exploited by crafting input that includes newline characters to manipulate log entries. The supplied proof-of-concept demonstrates injecting malicious content into logs.\n\n## Details\n\nWhen a user provides the authorization credentials via `Rack::Auth::Basic`, if success, the username will be put in `env['REMOTE_USER']` and later be used by `Rack::CommonLogger` for logging purposes.\n\nThe issue occurs when a server intentionally or unintentionally allows a user creation with the username contain CRLF and white space characters, or the server just want to log every login attempts. If an attacker enters a username with CRLF character, the logger will log the malicious username with CRLF characters into the logfile.\n\n## Impact\n\nAttackers can break log formats or insert fraudulent entries, potentially obscuring real activity or injecting malicious data into log files.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to the latest version of Rack.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-25184.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-25184.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-25184","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00957","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.76516","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00957","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7651","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77414","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77557","published_at":"2026-05-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77535","published_at":"2026-05-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77507","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77501","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7744","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77446","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77454","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77455","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7742","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77416","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77375","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01039","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77405","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01068","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77685","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01068","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.77658","published_at":"2026-04-02T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01309","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79936","published_at":"2026-05-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01309","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79919","published_at":"2026-05-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01309","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79974","published_at":"2026-05-14T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-25184"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-25184","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-25184"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"4.3","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"5.7","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/074ae244430cda05c27ca91cda699709cfb3ad8e","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"5.7","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-02-12T19:09:07Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/074ae244430cda05c27ca91cda699709cfb3ad8e"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"5.7","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-02-12T19:09:07Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-25184.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"5.7","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-25184.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"5.7","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25184","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"6.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"},{"value":"5.7","scoring_system":"cvssv4","scoring_elements":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"},{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25184"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1098257","reference_id":"1098257","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1098257"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2345301","reference_id":"2345301","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2345301"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg","reference_id":"GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"MODERATE","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:1985","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:1985","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:1985"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7085","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:7085","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:7085"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-1/","reference_id":"USN-7366-1","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-1/"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-2/","reference_id":"USN-7366-2","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-2/"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/69401?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.0.12","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7p12-ejdu-uqgy"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wt7k-s1yd-nke6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.0.12"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/69402?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.1.10","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7p12-ejdu-uqgy"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wt7k-s1yd-nke6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.1.10"}],"aliases":["CVE-2025-25184","GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg"],"risk_score":3.1,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"6.2","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-w732-52bx-2qf8"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/29211?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-wt7k-s1yd-nke6","summary":"Local File Inclusion in Rack::Static\n## Summary\n\n`Rack::Static` can serve files under the specified `root:` even if `urls:` are provided, which may expose other files under the specified `root:` unexpectedly.\n\n## Details\n\nThe vulnerability occurs because `Rack::Static` does not properly sanitize user-supplied paths before serving files. Specifically, encoded path traversal sequences are not correctly validated, allowing attackers to access files outside the designated static file directory.\n\n## Impact\n\nBy exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can gain access to all files under the specified `root:` directory, provided they are able to determine then path of the file.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to the latest version of Rack, or\n- Remove usage of `Rack::Static`, or\n- Ensure that `root:` points at a directory path which only contains files which should be accessed publicly.\n\nIt is likely that a CDN or similar static file server would also mitigate the issue.","references":[{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-27610.json","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"}],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-27610.json"},{"reference_url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-27610","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61674","published_at":"2026-04-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61706","published_at":"2026-04-16T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61611","published_at":"2026-04-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61664","published_at":"2026-04-13T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61684","published_at":"2026-04-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.6164","published_at":"2026-04-04T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61695","published_at":"2026-04-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00415","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.61659","published_at":"2026-04-08T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.00518","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.6681","published_at":"2026-04-18T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79866","published_at":"2026-05-09T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.7985","published_at":"2026-05-07T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79916","published_at":"2026-05-14T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79811","published_at":"2026-04-29T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79825","published_at":"2026-05-05T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79878","published_at":"2026-05-12T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01301","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.79862","published_at":"2026-05-11T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01416","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.80591","published_at":"2026-04-21T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01557","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.81526","published_at":"2026-04-26T12:55:00Z"},{"value":"0.01694","scoring_system":"epss","scoring_elements":"0.8232","published_at":"2026-04-24T12:55:00Z"}],"url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-27610"},{"reference_url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-27610","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-27610"},{"reference_url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"}],"url":"https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/50caab74fa01ee8f5dbdee7bb2782126d20c6583","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-03-11T15:22:45Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/50caab74fa01ee8f5dbdee7bb2782126d20c6583"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""},{"value":"Track","scoring_system":"ssvc","scoring_elements":"SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-03-11T15:22:45Z/"}],"url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-27610.yml","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-27610.yml"},{"reference_url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html"},{"reference_url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27610","reference_id":"","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"7.5","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1","scoring_elements":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"generic_textual","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27610"},{"reference_url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1100444","reference_id":"1100444","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1100444"},{"reference_url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2351231","reference_id":"2351231","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2351231"},{"reference_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v","reference_id":"GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v","reference_type":"","scores":[{"value":"HIGH","scoring_system":"cvssv3.1_qr","scoring_elements":""}],"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3448","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:3448","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3448"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3490","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:3490","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3490"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3491","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:3491","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3491"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3492","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:3492","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3492"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3906","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:3906","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3906"},{"reference_url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:4576","reference_id":"RHSA-2025:4576","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:4576"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-1/","reference_id":"USN-7366-1","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-1/"},{"reference_url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-2/","reference_id":"USN-7366-2","reference_type":"","scores":[],"url":"https://usn.ubuntu.com/7366-2/"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/70076?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.0.14","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.0.14"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/70077?format=json","purl":"pkg:gem/rack@3.1.12","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-1j61-5e8x-7fbd"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2p73-rc9t-rudb"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-2qba-a6bp-ryak"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-47ja-djzb-2bbw"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-5twm-pqc2-xyfn"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-7wvj-9h3p-23am"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rpp-9xss-duf6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-azu5-jcmd-3ufx"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-c5sc-7qnn-mkb9"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-d58r-22kr-9bct"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-dh75-6jyw-1ke2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-j34j-bgfd-8fez"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-jg77-mm5c-gydu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-m98a-mcyb-c7fm"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-metf-cghw-p3b5"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-npag-sz7d-v7b6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-p3dk-p1gb-kkem"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-pbu7-4hdm-s3a6"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-s971-gkdg-jkhc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-skxv-7he3-xqgc"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-wvs1-dhwp-ebat"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.1.12"}],"aliases":["CVE-2025-27610","GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v"],"risk_score":4.0,"exploitability":"0.5","weighted_severity":"8.0","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-wt7k-s1yd-nke6"}],"fixing_vulnerabilities":[],"risk_score":"4.0","resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/rack@3.0"}