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Vulnerability details: VCID-78yr-xz2p-rkff
Vulnerability ID VCID-78yr-xz2p-rkff
Aliases CVE-2026-33660
GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
Summary n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 2.14.1, 2.13.3, and 1.123.26, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could use the Merge node's "Combine by SQL" mode to read local files on the n8n host and achieve remote code execution. The AlaSQL sandbox did not sufficiently restrict certain SQL statements, allowing an attacker to access sensitive files on the server or even compromise the instance. The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.14.1, 2.13.3, and 1.123.26. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only, and/or disable the Merge node by adding `n8n-nodes-base.merge` to the `NODES_EXCLUDE` environment variable. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
Status Published
Exploitability None
Weighted Severity None
Risk None
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (4)
CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
epss 0.0008 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-33660
cvssv3.1 9.9 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
cvssv4 9.4 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
generic_textual CRITICAL https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
cvssv3.1 9.9 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
cvssv4 9.4 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
generic_textual CRITICAL https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
ssvc Track https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
cvssv3.1 9.9 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
cvssv4 9.4 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
generic_textual CRITICAL https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
Reference id Reference type URL
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-33660
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2026-03-28T01:26:07Z/ Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.23658
EPSS Score 0.0008
Published At June 11, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-06-11T16:49:40.318814+00:00 Vulnrichment Import https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2026/33xxx/CVE-2026-33660.json 38.6.0