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Vulnerability details: VCID-9gcs-jpzz-p3gy
Vulnerability ID VCID-9gcs-jpzz-p3gy
Aliases CVE-2025-46551
GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
Summary JRuby-OpenSSL is an add-on gem for JRuby that emulates the Ruby OpenSSL native library. Starting in JRuby-OpenSSL version 0.12.1 and prior to version 0.15.4 (corresponding to JRuby versions starting in 9.3.4.0 prior to 9.4.12.1 and 10.0.0.0 prior to 10.0.0.1), when verifying SSL certificates, JRuby-OpenSSL does not verify that the hostname presented in the certificate matches the one the user tries to connect to. This means a man-in-the-middle could just present any valid cert for a completely different domain they own, and JRuby would accept the cert. Anybody using JRuby to make requests of external APIs, or scraping the web, that depends on https to connect securely. JRuby-OpenSSL version 0.15.4 contains a fix for the issue. This fix is included in JRuby versions 10.0.0.1 and 9.4.12.1.
Status Published
Exploitability 0.5
Weighted Severity 6.2
Risk 3.1
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (4)
CWE-295 Improper Certificate Validation
CWE-297 Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
cvssv3 6.5 https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-46551.json
epss 0.00102 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-46551
epss 0.00102 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-46551
epss 0.00102 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-46551
cvssv3 3.7 https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
cvssv4 5.7 https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl
cvssv4 5.7 https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285
ssvc Track https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285
cvssv4 5.7 https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/b1fc5d645c0d90891b8865925ac1c15e3f15a055
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/b1fc5d645c0d90891b8865925ac1c15e3f15a055
cvssv4 5.7 https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/security/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/security/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
ssvc Track https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/security/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
cvssv4 5.7 https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/jruby-openssl/CVE-2025-46551.yml
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/jruby-openssl/CVE-2025-46551.yml
cvssv4 5.7 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46551
generic_textual MODERATE https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46551
Reference id Reference type URL
https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-46551.json
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-46551
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl
https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/b1fc5d645c0d90891b8865925ac1c15e3f15a055
https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/jruby-openssl/CVE-2025-46551.yml
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46551
2364868 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2364868
31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285 https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285
GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/security/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N Found at https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-46551.json
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P Found at https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P Found at https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-05-07T20:15:30Z/ Found at https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/31a56d690ce9b8af47af09aaaf809081949ed285
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P Found at https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/commit/b1fc5d645c0d90891b8865925ac1c15e3f15a055
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P Found at https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/security/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-05-07T20:15:30Z/ Found at https://github.com/jruby/jruby-openssl/security/advisories/GHSA-72qj-48g4-5xgx
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P Found at https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/jruby-openssl/CVE-2025-46551.yml
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46551
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.2748
EPSS Score 0.00102
Published At June 11, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-06-11T17:01:18.383380+00:00 Vulnrichment Import https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2025/46xxx/CVE-2025-46551.json 38.6.0