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Vulnerability details: VCID-c1ab-fktw-jud2
Vulnerability ID VCID-c1ab-fktw-jud2
Aliases CVE-2025-1194
GHSA-fpwr-67px-3qhx
Summary A Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability was identified in the huggingface/transformers library, specifically in the file `tokenization_gpt_neox_japanese.py` of the GPT-NeoX-Japanese model. The vulnerability occurs in the SubWordJapaneseTokenizer class, where regular expressions process specially crafted inputs. The issue stems from a regex exhibiting exponential complexity under certain conditions, leading to excessive backtracking. This can result in high CPU usage and potential application downtime, effectively creating a Denial of Service (DoS) scenario. The affected version is v4.48.1 (latest).
Status Published
Exploitability 0.5
Weighted Severity 6.2
Risk 3.1
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (3)
CWE-1333 Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
epss 0.00032 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-1194
epss 0.00032 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-1194
epss 0.00032 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-1194
cvssv3.1_qr MODERATE https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-fpwr-67px-3qhx
cvssv3.1 4.3 https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
cvssv3 4.3 https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
cvssv3.1 4.3 https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
ssvc Track https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
cvssv3 4.3 https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
cvssv3.1 4.3 https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
generic_textual MODERATE https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
ssvc Track https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
cvssv3.1 4.3 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1194
generic_textual MODERATE https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1194
Reference id Reference type URL
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-1194
https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1194
86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2 https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815 https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
GHSA-fpwr-67px-3qhx https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-fpwr-67px-3qhx
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://github.com/huggingface/transformers
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

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Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

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Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

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Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-29T13:21:09Z/ Found at https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/commit/92c5ca9dd70de3ade2af2eb835c96215cc50e815
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

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Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

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Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-29T13:21:09Z/ Found at https://huntr.com/bounties/86f58dcd-683f-4adc-a735-849f51e9abb2
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1194
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

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Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.09642
EPSS Score 0.00032
Published At June 11, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-06-11T17:12:23.112698+00:00 Vulnrichment Import https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2025/1xxx/CVE-2025-1194.json 38.6.0