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Vulnerability details: VCID-fy3d-ykem-3fgr
Vulnerability ID VCID-fy3d-ykem-3fgr
Aliases CVE-2025-52478
GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
Summary n8n is a workflow automation platform. From 1.77.0 to before 1.98.2, a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability was identified in n8n, specifically in the Form Trigger node's HTML form element. An authenticated attacker can inject malicious HTML via an <iframe> with a srcdoc payload that includes arbitrary JavaScript execution. The attacker can also inject malicious Javascript by using <video> coupled <source> using an onerror event. While using iframe or a combination of video and source tag, this vulnerability allows for Account Takeover (ATO) by exfiltrating n8n-browserId and session cookies from authenticated users who visit a maliciously crafted form. Using these tokens and cookies, an attacker can impersonate the victim and change account details such as email addresses, enabling full control over the account—especially if 2FA is not enabled. Users should upgrade to version >= 1.98.2.
Status Published
Exploitability None
Weighted Severity None
Risk None
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (3)
CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
epss 0.00032 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-52478
cvssv3.1 8.7 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
cvssv3.1 8.7 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500
ssvc Track https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500
cvssv3.1 8.7 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/16329
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/16329
ssvc Track https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/16329
cvssv3.1 8.7 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
ssvc Track https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
cvssv3.1 8.7 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52478
generic_textual HIGH https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52478
Reference id Reference type URL
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-52478
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52478
16329 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/16329
7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500
GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2 https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-08-19T19:18:07Z/ Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/7940384a85041a1890b1203d69c092c887312500
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/16329
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-08-19T19:18:07Z/ Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/16329
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-08-19T19:18:07Z/ Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hfmv-hhh3-43f2
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52478
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.09956
EPSS Score 0.00032
Published At June 11, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-06-11T17:05:13.391006+00:00 Vulnrichment Import https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2025/52xxx/CVE-2025-52478.json 38.6.0