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Vulnerability details: VCID-gbpq-vzwt-ykep
Vulnerability ID VCID-gbpq-vzwt-ykep
Aliases CVE-2026-42233
GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
Summary n8n has SQL Injection in Oracle Database Node via Limit Field ## Impact A flaw in the Oracle Database node's select operation allowed user-controlled input passed into the `Limit` field via expressions to be interpolated directly into the SQL query without sanitization or parameterization. In workflows where external input is passed into the `Limit` field (e.g., from a webhook), an attacker could inject arbitrary SQL and exfiltrate data from the connected Oracle database. Exploitation requires a specific workflow configuration: - The Oracle Database node must be used with user-controlled input passed via expressions into the `Limit` field. - Authentication requirements depend on the workflow's configuration (e.g., an unauthenticated webhook endpoint would allow unauthenticated exploitation). ## Patches The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.32, 2.17.4, and 2.18.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. ## Workarounds If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only. - Disable the Oracle Database node by adding `n8n-nodes-base.oracleDatabase` to the `NODES_EXCLUDE` environment variable. - Avoid passing unvalidated external user input into the Oracle Database node's `Limit` field via expressions. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
Status Published
Exploitability 0.5
Weighted Severity 8.8
Risk 4.4
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (4)
CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
epss 0.00063 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-42233
epss 0.00063 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-42233
cvssv3.1 9.8 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
cvssv4 5.3 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
cvssv3.1 9.8 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
cvssv4 5.3 https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
generic_textual MODERATE https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
ssvc Track https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
cvssv3.1 9.8 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42233
cvssv4 5.3 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42233
generic_textual MODERATE https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42233
Reference id Reference type URL
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-42233
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42233
GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755 https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

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low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

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none

present

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passive

active

high

low

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Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

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low

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low

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low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2026-05-05T13:08:55Z/ Found at https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42233
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42233
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

network

adjacent

local

physical

low

high

none

present

none

low

high

none

passive

active

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.19913
EPSS Score 0.00063
Published At June 5, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-06-04T16:53:11.154399+00:00 GithubOSV Importer Import https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/04/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755/GHSA-r6jc-mpqw-m755.json 38.6.0