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Vulnerability details: VCID-jnzc-jj69-yug1
Vulnerability ID VCID-jnzc-jj69-yug1
Aliases CVE-2025-4565
GHSA-8qvm-5x2c-j2w7
Summary python-protobuf: Unbounded recursion in Python Protobuf
Status Published
Exploitability None
Weighted Severity None
Risk None
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (1)
CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion
System Score Found at
cvssv3 5.3 https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-4565.json
epss 0.00016 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-4565
cvssv3.1 5.9 https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/decoder_test.py#L87-L98
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/decoder_test.py#L87-L98
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/message_test.py#L1436-L1478
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/message_test.py#L1436-L1478
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
ssvc Track https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-735f-pc8j-v9w8
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-735f-pc8j-v9w8
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-8qvm-5x2c-j2w7
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-8qvm-5x2c-j2w7
cvssv4 8.2 https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/tree/main/python#implementation-backends
generic_textual HIGH https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/tree/main/python#implementation-backends
cvssv4 8.2 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4565
generic_textual HIGH https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4565
Reference id Reference type URL
https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-4565.json
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-4565
https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-4565
https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/decoder_test.py#L87-L98
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/message_test.py#L1436-L1478
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-735f-pc8j-v9w8
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-8qvm-5x2c-j2w7
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/tree/main/python#implementation-backends
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4565
1108057 https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1108057
2373016 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2373016
RHSA-2025:10773 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10773
RHSA-2026:1249 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1249
RHSA-2026:3960 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3960
USN-7629-1 https://usn.ubuntu.com/7629-1/
USN-7629-2 https://usn.ubuntu.com/7629-2/
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L Found at https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-4565.json
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

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Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Found at https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/decoder_test.py#L87-L98
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/main/python/google/protobuf/internal/message_test.py#L1436-L1478
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: SSVCv2/E:N/A:Y/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-06-16T15:38:57Z/ Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/commit/17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-735f-pc8j-v9w8
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/security/advisories/GHSA-8qvm-5x2c-j2w7
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/tree/main/python#implementation-backends
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4565
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Attack Requirements (AT) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Vulnerable System Impact Confidentiality (VC) Vulnerable System Impact Integrity (VI) Vulnerable System Impact Availability (VA) Subsequent System Impact Confidentiality (SC) Subsequent System Impact Integrity (SI) Subsequent System Impact Availability (SA)

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Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.03951
EPSS Score 0.00016
Published At May 29, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-05-29T08:52:37.027520+00:00 RedHat Importer Import https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-4565.json 38.6.0