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Vulnerability details: VCID-uqmt-h9wc-r7fb
Vulnerability ID VCID-uqmt-h9wc-r7fb
Aliases CVE-2025-66398
GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
Summary Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat. Prior to version 2.19.0, an unauthenticated attacker can pollute the internal state (`restoreFilePath`) of the server via the `/skServer/validateBackup` endpoint. This allows the attacker to hijack the administrator's "Restore" functionality to overwrite critical server configuration files (e.g., `security.json`, `package.json`), leading to account takeover and Remote Code Execution (RCE). Version 2.19.0 patches this vulnerability.
Status Published
Exploitability 0.5
Weighted Severity 9.0
Risk 4.5
Affected and Fixed Packages Package Details
Weaknesses (4)
CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-913 Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
CWE-937 OWASP Top Ten 2013 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
CWE-1035 OWASP Top Ten 2017 Category A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
System Score Found at
epss 0.00164 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-66398
epss 0.00164 https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-66398
cvssv3.1_qr CRITICAL https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
cvssv3.1 9.6 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server
generic_textual CRITICAL https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server
cvssv3.1 9.6 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/commit/5c211eaf33f0ccadbaed6720264780d92afbd7f8
generic_textual CRITICAL https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/commit/5c211eaf33f0ccadbaed6720264780d92afbd7f8
cvssv3.1 9.6 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
cvssv3.1 9.7 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
generic_textual CRITICAL https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
ssvc Track* https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
cvssv3.1 9.6 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
cvssv3.1 9.7 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
cvssv3.1_qr CRITICAL https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
generic_textual CRITICAL https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
ssvc Track* https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
cvssv3.1 9.6 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66398
generic_textual CRITICAL https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66398
Reference id Reference type URL
https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-66398
https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server
https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/commit/5c211eaf33f0ccadbaed6720264780d92afbd7f8
CVE-2025-66398 https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66398
GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9 https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
v2.19.0 https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
No exploits are available.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/commit/5c211eaf33f0ccadbaed6720264780d92afbd7f8
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:Y/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:R/2026-01-05T21:00:27Z/ Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/releases/tag/v2.19.0
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Vector: SSVCv2/E:P/A:Y/T:T/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:R/2026-01-05T21:00:27Z/ Found at https://github.com/SignalK/signalk-server/security/advisories/GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Found at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66398
Attack Vector (AV) Attack Complexity (AC) Privileges Required (PR) User Interaction (UI) Scope (S) Confidentiality Impact (C) Integrity Impact (I) Availability Impact (A)

network

adjacent_network

local

physical

low

high

none

low

high

none

required

unchanged

changed

high

low

none

high

low

none

high

low

none
Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)
Percentile 0.37263
EPSS Score 0.00164
Published At June 11, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
Date Actor Action Source VulnerableCode Version
2026-06-11T16:59:41.321335+00:00 Vulnrichment Import https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/blob/develop/2025/66xxx/CVE-2025-66398.json 38.6.0