Package Instance

Possible XSS Security Vulnerability in SafeBuffer#bytesplice
There is a vulnerability in ActiveSupport if the new bytesplice method is called on a SafeBuffer with untrusted user input.
This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-28120.

Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None Fixed Versions: 7.0.4.3, 6.1.7.3

# Impact

ActiveSupport uses the SafeBuffer string subclass to tag strings as html_safe after they have been sanitized.
When these strings are mutated, the tag is should be removed to mark them as no longer being html_safe.

Ruby 3.2 introduced a new bytesplice method which ActiveSupport does not yet understand to be a mutation.
Users on older versions of Ruby are likely unaffected.

All users running an affected release and using bytesplice should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

# Workarounds

Avoid calling bytesplice on a SafeBuffer (html_safe) string with untrusted user input.

Rails Active Support has a possible ReDoS vulnerability in number_to_delimited
### Impact
`NumberToDelimitedConverter` used a regular expression with `gsub!` to insert thousands delimiters. This could produce quadratic time complexity on long digit strings.

### Releases
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Rails Active Support has a possible XSS vulnerability in SafeBuffer#%
### Impact
`SafeBuffer#%` does not propagate the `@html_unsafe` flag to the newly created buffer. If a `SafeBuffer` is mutated in place (e.g. via `gsub!`) and then formatted with `%` using untrusted arguments, the result incorrectly reports `html_safe? == true`, bypassing ERB auto-escaping and possibly leading to XSS.

### Releases
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Duplicate
This advisory duplicates another.

Active Support Possibly Discloses Locally Encrypted Files
There is a possible file disclosure of locally encrypted files in Active Support. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-38037.

Versions Affected: >= 5.2.0 Not affected: < 5.2.0 Fixed Versions: 7.0.7.1, 6.1.7.5

Rails Active Support has a possible DoS vulnerability in its number helpers
### Impact
Active Support number helpers accept strings containing scientific notation (e.g. `1e10000`), which when converted to a string could be expanded into extremely large decimal representations. This can cause excessive memory allocation and CPU consumption when the expanded number is formatted, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability.

### Releases
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

ActiveSupport potentially unintended unmarshalling of user-provided objects in MemCacheStore and RedisCacheStore
In ActiveSupport, there is potentially unexpected behaviour in the MemCacheStore and RedisCacheStore where, when
untrusted user input is written to the cache store using the `raw: true` parameter, re-reading the result
from the cache can evaluate the user input as a Marshalled object instead of plain text. Vulnerable code looks like:

```
data = cache.fetch("demo", raw: true) { untrusted_string }
```
Versions Affected:  rails < 5.2.5, rails < 6.0.4
Not affected:       Applications not using MemCacheStore or RedisCacheStore. Applications that do not use the `raw` option when storing untrusted user input.
Fixed Versions:     rails >= 5.2.4.3, rails >= 6.0.3.1
  
Impact
------
Unmarshalling of untrusted user input can have impact up to and including RCE. At a minimum,
this vulnerability allows an attacker to inject untrusted Ruby objects into a web application.
In addition to upgrading to the latest versions of Rails, developers should ensure that whenever
they are calling `Rails.cache.fetch` they are using consistent values of the `raw` parameter for both
reading and writing, especially in the case of the RedisCacheStore which does not, prior to these changes,
detect if data was serialized using the raw option upon deserialization.

Workarounds
-----------
It is recommended that application developers apply the suggested patch or upgrade to the latest release as
soon as possible. If this is not possible, we recommend ensuring that all user-provided strings cached using
the `raw` argument should be double-checked to ensure that they conform to the expected format.