Package Instance

Rack vulnerable to ReDoS in content type parsing (2nd degree polynomial)
### Summary

```ruby
module Rack
  class MediaType
    SPLIT_PATTERN = %r{\s*[;,]\s*}
```
The above regexp is subject to ReDos. 50K blank characters as a prefix to the header will take over 10s to split.

### PoC

A simple HTTP request with lots of blank characters in the content-type header:

```ruby
request["Content-Type"] = (" " * 50_000) + "a,"
```

### Impact

It's a very easy to craft ReDoS. Like all ReDoS the impact is debatable.

Rack has possible DoS Vulnerability with Range Header
# Possible DoS Vulnerability with Range Header in Rack

There is a possible DoS vulnerability relating to the Range request header in
Rack.  This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2024-26141.

Versions Affected:  >= 1.3.0.
Not affected:       < 1.3.0
Fixed Versions:     3.0.9.1, 2.2.8.1

Impact
------
Carefully crafted Range headers can cause a server to respond with an
unexpectedly large response. Responding with such large responses could lead
to a denial of service issue.

Vulnerable applications will use the `Rack::File` middleware or the
`Rack::Utils.byte_ranges` methods (this includes Rails applications).

Releases
--------
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds
-----------
There are no feasible workarounds for this issue.

Patches
-------
To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for
the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a
single changeset.

* 3-0-range.patch - Patch for 3.0 series
* 2-2-range.patch - Patch for 2.2 series

Credits
-------

Thank you [ooooooo_q](https://hackerone.com/ooooooo_q) for the report and
patch

Rack Header Parsing leads to Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability
# Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Header Parsing

There is a possible denial of service vulnerability in the header parsing
routines in Rack.  This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier
CVE-2024-26146.

Versions Affected:  All.
Not affected:       None
Fixed Versions:     2.0.9.4, 2.1.4.4, 2.2.8.1, 3.0.9.1

Impact
------
Carefully crafted headers can cause header parsing in Rack to take longer than
expected resulting in a possible denial of service issue. Accept and Forwarded
headers are impacted.

Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rack applications using Ruby 3.2
or newer are unaffected.

Releases
--------
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds
-----------
There are no feasible workarounds for this issue.

Patches
-------
To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for
the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a
single changeset.

* 2-0-header-redos.patch - Patch for 2.0 series
* 2-1-header-redos.patch - Patch for 2.1 series
* 2-2-header-redos.patch - Patch for 2.2 series
* 3-0-header-redos.patch - Patch for 3.0 series

Credits
-------

Thanks to [svalkanov](https://hackerone.com/svalkanov) for reporting this and
providing patches!