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{
    "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/515224?format=api",
    "purl": "pkg:maven/ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may@6.9.6",
    "type": "maven",
    "namespace": "ca.uhn.hapi.fhir",
    "name": "org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may",
    "version": "6.9.6",
    "qualifiers": {},
    "subpath": "",
    "is_vulnerable": true,
    "next_non_vulnerable_version": "6.9.7",
    "latest_non_vulnerable_version": "6.9.7",
    "affected_by_vulnerabilities": [
        {
            "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/vulnerabilities/94814?format=api",
            "vulnerability_id": "VCID-bkfw-fpag-hybj",
            "summary": "HAPI FHIR: ReDoS via FHIRPath matches()/replaceMatches() in FHIR Validator HTTP Endpoint\n## Summary\n\nAll implementations of FHIRPathEngine accept arbitrary FHIRPath expressions and evaluate them without input validation. The FHIRPath functions `matches()`, `matchesFull()`, and `replaceMatches()` pass user-controlled regular expressions directly to Java's `Pattern.compile()` and `String.replaceAll()` without complexity checks or timeouts. An attacker can send a resource containing an evil regex pattern that causes catastrophic backtracking, exhausting system resources, and causing Denial-of-Service.\n\n## Details\n\nThe vulnerability exists in regex execution in FHIRPathEngine implementations across multiple code modules. For example the org.hl7.fhir.r5 module:\n\n\n**Entry point 1 — `FHIRPathEngine.java:5929` (R5 `funcMatches`):**\n```java\nprivate List<Base> funcMatches(ExecutionContext context, List<Base> focus, ExpressionNode exp) {\n    String sw = convertToString(swb); // attacker-controlled regex pattern\n    // ...\n    Pattern p = Pattern.compile(\"(?s)\" + sw); // VULNERABLE: no complexity check\n    Matcher m = p.matcher(st);                // no timeout\n    boolean ok = m.find();\n```\n\n**Entry point 2 — `FHIRPathEngine.java:5951` (R5 `funcMatchesFull`):**\n```java\nPattern p = Pattern.compile(\"(?s)\" + sw); // VULNERABLE: same pattern\nMatcher m = p.matcher(st);\nboolean ok = m.matches();\n```\n\n**Entry point 3 — `FHIRPathEngine.java:5120` (R5 `funcReplaceMatches`):**\n```java\nresult.add(new StringType(convertToString(focus.get(0))\n    .replaceAll(regex, repl)).noExtensions()); // VULNERABLE: replaceAll uses Pattern internally\n```\n\nThe same vulnerabilities exist in the dstu2, dstu2016may, dstu3, r4, and r4b modules, and the FHIRPathEngine is used in the validation module functionality.\n\n**Why this is exploitable:**\n- No timeout mechanism covers FHIRPath evaluation — the `ValidationTimeout` class only protects `InstanceValidator` operations, not `evaluateFhirPath()`\n- Java's `Pattern.compile()` with a pattern like `(a+)+$` against input `\"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa!\"` causes exponential backtracking (O(2^n) time complexity)\n\n\n## Impact\n\n- **CPU Exhaustion:** The exponential backtracking in Java's regex engine consumes 100% of a CPU core for the duration of the hang (effectively infinite for sufficiently long input strings) for callers of FHIRPathEngine.",
            "references": [
                {
                    "reference_url": "https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core",
                    "reference_id": "",
                    "reference_type": "",
                    "scores": [
                        {
                            "value": "7.5",
                            "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1",
                            "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
                        },
                        {
                            "value": "HIGH",
                            "scoring_system": "generic_textual",
                            "scoring_elements": ""
                        }
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core"
                },
                {
                    "reference_url": "https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/security/advisories/GHSA-3653-68v6-rq57",
                    "reference_id": "",
                    "reference_type": "",
                    "scores": [
                        {
                            "value": "7.5",
                            "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1",
                            "scoring_elements": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
                        },
                        {
                            "value": "HIGH",
                            "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1_qr",
                            "scoring_elements": ""
                        },
                        {
                            "value": "HIGH",
                            "scoring_system": "generic_textual",
                            "scoring_elements": ""
                        }
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core/security/advisories/GHSA-3653-68v6-rq57"
                },
                {
                    "reference_url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3653-68v6-rq57",
                    "reference_id": "GHSA-3653-68v6-rq57",
                    "reference_type": "",
                    "scores": [
                        {
                            "value": "HIGH",
                            "scoring_system": "cvssv3.1_qr",
                            "scoring_elements": ""
                        }
                    ],
                    "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3653-68v6-rq57"
                }
            ],
            "fixed_packages": [
                {
                    "url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/api/packages/118025?format=api",
                    "purl": "pkg:maven/ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may@6.9.7",
                    "is_vulnerable": false,
                    "affected_by_vulnerabilities": [],
                    "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:maven/ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may@6.9.7"
                }
            ],
            "aliases": [
                "CVE-2026-45367",
                "GHSA-3653-68v6-rq57"
            ],
            "risk_score": 4.0,
            "exploitability": "0.5",
            "weighted_severity": "8.0",
            "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/vulnerabilities/VCID-bkfw-fpag-hybj"
        }
    ],
    "fixing_vulnerabilities": [],
    "risk_score": "4.0",
    "resource_url": "http://public2.vulnerablecode.io/packages/pkg:maven/ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may@6.9.6"
}